{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:21:34Z","timestamp":1792693294130,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004233","name":"the Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004233","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"POLISABIO","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Polisabio2021-A02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Polisabio2021-A02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"POLISABIO","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Polisabio2022_PI03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Polisabio2022_PI03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dysphagia is commonly assessed with qualitative and image-based diagnostic tools, which are often costly, technically demanding, and limited in their ability to support individualized rehabilitation. Electroencephalography (EEG) has recently emerged as a quantitative, cost-effective, and accessible alternative to characterize sensorimotor activity during swallowing, though its potential in dysphagic populations has not been systematically explored. This study investigated neural dynamics in 50 post-stroke dysphagic patients, 32 post-stroke non-dysphagic controls, and 21 healthy adults performing a swallowing task. EEG recordings from primary motor regions (C3, Cz, C4) were analyzed using event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) to quantify alpha (8\u201313 Hz) and beta (15\u201330 Hz) event-related desynchronization, alongside hemispheric lateralization indices. Group comparisons revealed significantly reduced beta desynchronization in both post-stroke groups compared to healthy participants, with additional alpha and beta deficits at C3 and Cz distinguishing dysphagic patients from non-dysphagic controls. Dysphagic patients further exhibited abnormal lateralization not observed in other groups. These findings identify distinct alterations in motor cortical dynamics and hemispheric balance in dysphagia, supporting EEG-derived biomarkers as promising tools for diagnosis and clinical follow-up. The accessibility of EEG reinforces its potential integration into routine workflows to enable objective and personalized management of post-stroke dysphagia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s25216767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T17:06:06Z","timestamp":1762362366000},"page":"6767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Electroencephalographic Characterization of Sensorimotor Neural Activation During Swallowing in Dysphagic Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1871-7817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Imaz-Higuera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n en Bioingenier\u00eda (Ci2b), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1410-2721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Garcia-Casado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n en Bioingenier\u00eda (Ci2b), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"BJUT-UPV Joint Research Laboratory in Biomedical Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2929-181X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyao","family":"Ye-Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n en Bioingenier\u00eda (Ci2b), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"BJUT-UPV Joint Research Laboratory in Biomedical Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9133-3123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Luis","family":"Martinez-de-Juan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n en Bioingenier\u00eda (Ci2b), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"BJUT-UPV Joint Research Laboratory in Biomedical Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, 46022 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Gutierrez-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Rehabilitation Department, Medium- and Long-Term Care of Hospital Pare Jofr\u00e9, 46017 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Prieto-House","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Rehabilitation Department, 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