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We recorded high-density electroencephalography (EEG) data in 21 FC patients and 37 healthy controls across resting, cognitive, and defecation-related tasks. We observed that FC patients displayed a consistent, task-dependent signature compared with healthy controls. At the regional level, FC patients exhibited increased alpha during both resting and defecation-related tasks, reduced temporal gamma during defecation-related tasks, as well as elevated temporal theta during the cognitive task. At the global level, we found altered network properties, such as global efficiency in the delta and beta band networks during resting and defecation-related tasks. These findings establish a direct neurophysiological link between specific, condition-dependent perturbations in cortical rhythm activity and FC pathophysiology. Our work implicates the brain\u2013gut axis in symptom generation and opens a path toward EEG-based biomarkers and targeted neuromodulatory therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26010211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T14:33:25Z","timestamp":1767191605000},"page":"211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Task-Dependent Cortical Oscillatory Dynamics in Functional Constipation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China"},{"name":"Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Frontier Fundamental Studies, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingwei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiman","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument 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