{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T13:39:16Z","timestamp":1768225156656,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Two-dimensional carbide crystals (MXenes) are emerging as a promising platform for the development of novel gas sensors, offering advantages in energy efficiency and tunable analyte selectivity. One of the most effective strategies to enhance and tailor their functional performance involves forming hetero-structured composites with metal oxides. In this work, we explore a chemiresistive effect in double-metal MXene of Ti0.2V1.8C and its composites with 2 mol. % SnO2 and Co3O4 nanocrystalline oxides toward feasibility tests with alcohol and ammonia vapor probes. The materials were characterized by simultaneous thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning\/transmission electron microscopy. Gas-sensing experiments were carried out on composite layers deposited on multi-electrode substrates to be exposed to the test gases, 200\u20132000 ppm concentrations, at an operating temperature of 370 \u00b0C. The developed sensor array demonstrated clear analyte discrimination. The distinct sensor responses enabled a selective identification of vapors through linear discriminant analysis, demonstrating the further potential of MXene-based materials for integrated electronic nose applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26020496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T10:25:23Z","timestamp":1768213523000},"page":"496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemiresistive Effect in Ti0.2V1.8C MXene\/Metal Oxide Hetero-Structured Composites"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1066-1596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilia A.","family":"Plugin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya Str., 410054 Saratov, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4209-6034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolay P.","family":"Simonenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8112-1821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizaveta P.","family":"Simonenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8130-8503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana L.","family":"Simonenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0896-9102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexey S.","family":"Varezhnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya Str., 410054 Saratov, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6154-9297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maksim A.","family":"Solomatin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya Str., 410054 Saratov, Russia"},{"name":"Saratov Branch of Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Zelenaya St. 38, 410019 Saratov, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0372-1802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor V.","family":"Sysoev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya Str., 410054 Saratov, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolay T.","family":"Kuznetsov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/535029a","article-title":"Validate personal air-pollution sensors","volume":"535","author":"Lewis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2024.343544","article-title":"Recent developments on aerial lab-on-a-drone platforms for remote environmental monitoring: A review","volume":"1337","author":"Duarte","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. 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