{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T17:15:52Z","timestamp":1773335752673,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2020YFC2009703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFC2009703"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund","award":["31700856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31700856"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The paper systematically reviews the application status of virtual reality technology in the rehabilitation of upper-limb movement, lower-limb gait balance, and cognitive function of stroke patients. Based on electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), the correlation mechanism of virtual reality promoting brain functional reorganization and neural remodeling is analyzed from the perspective of task-oriented training, reinforcement learning, and neural regulation. The virtual reality rehabilitation scheme can accurately match the actual needs of clinical rehabilitation, and exploring the internal mechanism of its intervention in the dynamic process of rehabilitation is helpful to promote the deep integration of virtual reality technology and rehabilitation medicine. This study integrates high temporal resolution EEG activity data, magnetic resonance imaging spatial positioning information, cerebral hemodynamic data, and virtual reality system behavior data, realizing the systematic quantitative output of rehabilitation effect in the \u201chuman-computer\u201d interactive closed loop. Finally, the future development direction is projected from the aspects of system optimization, standard setting, and multi-technology integration to provide a reference for promoting the clinical application and development of virtual reality technology in stroke rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26061753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T10:53:31Z","timestamp":1773140011000},"page":"1753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuroplasticity Mechanism of Stroke Rehabilitation Training System Based on Virtual Reality: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Runzi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"2426","article-title":"Research progress of digital technology-assisted walking rehabilitation in post-stroke hemiplegic patients","volume":"41","author":"Chi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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