{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:21:26Z","timestamp":1785410486500,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32571520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32571520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32571520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32571520"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Dalian Major Basic Research Projects","award":["2023JJ11CG005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JJ11CG005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, with anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies as its serological biomarkers. However, conventional anti-dsDNA antibody detection methods, which mainly rely on antibody-binding assays, often suffer from limited sensitivity and specificity, cumbersome procedures, and poor suitability for accurate clinical analysis. Herein, we developed an integrated detection system combining a circularly permuted fluorescent protein (cpFP)-based biosensor with a microfluidic chip for rapid and reliable anti-dsDNA antibody detection. The biosensor, cpR-dsAb-C1, was engineered from mApple by inserting an affinity peptide identified through phage display, enabling specific recognition of the variable region of anti-dsDNA antibodies. The biosensor exhibited good sensitivity, specificity, and anti-interference capability. Furthermore, integration of cpR-dsAb-C1 with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidic chip yielded a microfluidic detection platform with good linearity for rapid antibody analysis. Clinical validation showed significantly higher anti-dsDNA antibody levels in patients with SLE than in healthy controls, and the results were consistent with those obtained using routine clinical methods, with an accuracy exceeding 95%. Overall, this system provides a promising low-cost, efficient, and accurate strategy for the early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of SLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26103024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T15:39:32Z","timestamp":1778513972000},"page":"3024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Affinity Peptide-Based Circularly Permuted Fluorescent Protein Biosensors Loaded in a Microfluidic System for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shuai","family":"Shao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Hospital, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116021, China"},{"name":"Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zerui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Hospital, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116021, China"},{"name":"Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Hospital, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116021, China"},{"name":"Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5418-6512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Hospital, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5375-0505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Hospital, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116021, China"},{"name":"Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3000605221118702","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221118702","article-title":"Infection profile and risk factors for mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease attributable to systemic lupus erythematosus: A two-center integrated study","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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