{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:01:58Z","timestamp":1785402118845,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42201427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42201427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["42201427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42201427"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003398","name":"Shanxi Scholarship Council of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025-090"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-090"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Building extraction from disaster scenes is critical for emergency response and post-disaster assessment. Unlike conventional static remote sensing imagery, multi-phase disaster imagery contains scenes spanning early, middle, and late disaster stages, where building morphology, class distribution, and boundary characteristics exhibit significant cross-phase heterogeneity. Such phase-dependent variations substantially increase the difficulty of stable semantic segmentation, particularly under complex damage conditions. To address these challenges, we propose MSS-MambaNet for building extraction from multi-phase disaster imagery. A multi-scale architecture is designed to overcome the limitations of single-scale scanning in Mamba, enabling more effective perception of diverse building morphologies. To enhance feature discrimination, a Dual-Domain Cross-Gated Fusion (DDCGF) module is introduced through complementary interactions between spatial and frequency-domain representations. In addition, a Pixel-Aware Dynamic Weighting (PADW) strategy is developed to adaptively emphasize imbalanced foreground pixels and ambiguous boundary regions, thereby improving segmentation consistency under complex disaster conditions. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MSS-MambaNet consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods, achieving an average mIoU of 92.78% and mF1 of 96.25% with only 12.37 M parameters. These results indicate that the proposed method effectively handles the heterogeneity of multi-phase data, providing a stable and efficient solution for building extraction from multi-phase disaster imagery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26123868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:49:42Z","timestamp":1781743782000},"page":"3868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MSS-MambaNet: A Mamba Framework for Building Extraction from Multi-Phase Disaster Imagery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijiao","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"},{"name":"China Coal Technology & Engineering Group, Taiyuan Research Institute, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanda","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4664-324X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"A Review of Building Extraction from Remote Sensing Imagery: Geometrical Structures and Semantic Attributes","volume":"62","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. 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