{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T05:27:50Z","timestamp":1786426070626,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52574183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52574183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["52574183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52574183"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020763","name":"Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024EMST080802"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024EMST080802"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["2024EMST080802"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024EMST080802"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02e6b1s72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFB4703701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFB4703701"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rock fissure parameters, such as length, width, and density, are essential for analyzing the progressive instability of open-pit mine slopes. Under the combined effects of engineering disturbance, geological conditions, and environmental factors, slope fissures continuously propagate and evolve. However, large variations in fissure scale, complex rock-surface textures, blurred boundaries, and weak micro-fissure features increase the difficulty of intelligent fissure segmentation, identification, and parameter extraction. Consequently, many mining enterprises still rely on manual interpretation, which is time-consuming and susceptible to subjective errors. To address these challenges, this study develops Crack-YOLO, a task-oriented fissure detection and instance-segmentation model based on YOLOv8-Seg. A total of 500 original UAV images were collected from multiple open-pit mines and processed to construct a dataset containing 3600 fissure image patches, including 3240 images for training and 360 images for testing. In Crack-YOLO, selected C2f modules are replaced with contextual semantic enhancement modules (CoT Blocks), and a texture information enhancement module (SM Block) is incorporated to strengthen contextual semantic representation and fine-grained texture-feature extraction. The model achieved segmentation precision, recall, mAP50, and mAP50:95 values of 0.896, 0.787, 0.854, and 0.392, respectively. For object detection, the corresponding values were 0.968, 0.862, 0.959, and 0.773, respectively. The segmentation results were further processed using K3M skeleton extraction and physical-scale calibration to quantitatively extract geometric parameters, including fissure length, equivalent average width, and azimuth. Validation using an image containing seven representative fissures yielded mean absolute errors of 0.016 m, 0.010 m, and 0.90\u00b0 for fissure length, equivalent average width, and azimuth, respectively, indicating the feasibility of the proposed parameter-quantification workflow. In an application test conducted in a typical open-pit mine scene, the proposed workflow identified 196 fissures within approximately 22 s and quantitatively analyzed their geometric parameters and distribution characteristics. The results indicate that the proposed method has potential for fissure identification and geometric-parameter quantification in open-pit mine slopes and may provide quantitative data support for slope-fissure monitoring and stability analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26165028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:00:43Z","timestamp":1786118443000},"page":"5028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study on the Intelligent Recognition Algorithm for Open-Pit Mine Slope Fissures: Crack-YOLO with Texture and Semantic Enhancement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hongze","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changbin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Coal Pingshuo Group Co., Ltd., Shuozhou 036006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2024.115596","article-title":"Elastic modulus prediction for high-temperature treated rock using multi-step hybrid ensemble model combined with coronavirus herd immunity optimizer","volume":"240","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtcomm.2024.110194","article-title":"Hybrid data-driven model and shapley additive explanations for peak dilation angle of rock discontinuities","volume":"40","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mater. 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