{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T09:07:26Z","timestamp":1788858446523,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Major Science and Technology Project for Deep Earth (DEEP) during the 14th Five-Year Plan Period of China","award":["2024ZD1003504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZD1003504"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Archived sensor records often lack synchronized reference pressure, making it necessary to distinguish retained device ordering from numerical agreement and response-shape reproduction. Aging-stage and first-retest records from 22 miniature temperature\u2013pressure sensors were evaluated using marginal features, Spearman rank correlation, Lin\u2019s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), device-level bootstrap intervals, and 56 equally weighted common-temperature bins. A disjoint 16-device same-mode cohort tested recurrence of marginal-feature ordering. The analysis demonstrates the following. The fifth percentile retained device order (0.886) and identity-line agreement (CCC 0.968); standard deviation retained order (0.648) without agreement (CCC 0.032), which the decomposition attributes to systematic displacement (accuracy factor 0.077), whereas the 95th percentile (CCC 0.379) is precision-limited (Pearson r 0.510). Common-temperature alignment reversed the raw-median difference for every device. Relative temperature-slope retention was negligible (rank correlation 0.013), and complete centered-profile correlation was heterogeneous (median 0.356). Lower-tail, upper-tail, and dispersion ordering recurred in the disjoint cohort. The article proposes a multilevel retention signature, an ordinal pattern read across evidence levels, together with candidate retest endpoints. Calibration accuracy, sensor life, sensitivity degradation, retention of metrological characteristics, and causal aging lie beyond this evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26175650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T12:12:25Z","timestamp":1788783145000},"page":"5650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparability of Archived Aging-Stage and Retest Records from Miniature Temperature\u2013Pressure Sensors: Rank, Concordance, and Response Shape"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4253-7284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Energy (College of Modern Shale Gas Industry), Chengdu University of Technology, No. 1 Erxianqiao East 3rd Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu 610059, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, No. 1 Erxianqiao East 3rd Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu 610059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4083-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuecheng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Energy (College of Modern Shale Gas Industry), Chengdu University of Technology, No. 1 Erxianqiao East 3rd Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu 610059, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, No. 1 Erxianqiao East 3rd Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu 610059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2852-8029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liangzhu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Energy (College of Modern Shale Gas Industry), Chengdu University of Technology, No. 1 Erxianqiao East 3rd Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu 610059, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, No. 1 Erxianqiao East 3rd Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu 610059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2277-0521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingyun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No. 10 Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Qingyang 745000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Research on fiber Bragg grating measurement method for downhole casing pressure","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"China Pet. Mach."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yofte.2021.102703","article-title":"Real-time monitoring of pressure and temperature of oil well using a carbon-coated and bellow-packaged optical fiber sensor","volume":"67","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Fiber Technol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2025.116692","article-title":"Enhanced pressure sensitivity of side-hole fiber Bragg grating sensor for downhole pressure and temperature measurement","volume":"391","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators A Phys."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, F., Jia, P.G., Qian, J., Hu, Z.P., An, G.W., and Qin, L. (2021). High-consistency optical fiber Fabry\u2013P\u00e9rot pressure sensor based on silicon MEMS technology for high temperature environment. Micromachines, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12060623"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, M., Liao, H., Wang, H., He, Y., Liu, J., Wang, Y., and Niu, W. (2023). Research and test on the device of downhole near-bit temperature and pressure measurement while drilling. Processes, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr11082238"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"87","article-title":"A downhole multiphysics measuring device based on MEMS microchips","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. China Univ. Pet. (Ed. Nat. Sci.)"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petsci.2025.04.025","article-title":"Measurement while drilling of downhole engineering parameters by application of a newly designed micro-measurer","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2020.115853","article-title":"Distributed thermal management system for downhole electronics at high temperature","volume":"180","author":"Lan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Therm. Eng."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petsci.2022.06.005","article-title":"A review of high-performance MEMS sensors for resource exploration and geophysical applications","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"34","article-title":"Development and field test of probe-type intelligent bit parameter measurement device","volume":"52","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pet. Drill. Tech."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"1193","article-title":"Current status and progress of research on intelligent drill bits","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Pet. Sin."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36443","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3455379","article-title":"Research of long-term stability of high-sensitivity piezoresistive pressure sensors for ultralow differential pressures","volume":"24","author":"Basov","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41378-023-00620-1","article-title":"Advances in high-performance MEMS pressure sensors: Design, fabrication, and packaging","volume":"9","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microsyst. Nanoeng."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.37188\/OPE.20233111.1652","article-title":"Low stress laser welding technology for corrugated diaphragm of pressure sensor","volume":"31","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt. Precis. Eng."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamid, Y., Hutt, D.A., Whalley, D.C., and Craddock, R. (2020). Relative contributions of packaging elements to the thermal hysteresis of a MEMS pressure sensor. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20061727"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24244","DOI":"10.3390\/s141224244","article-title":"A high-Q resonant pressure microsensor with through-glass electrical interconnections based on wafer-level MEMS vacuum packaging","volume":"14","author":"Luo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-020-05164-2","article-title":"Investigation of long term drift of an intraocular pressure sensor","volume":"27","author":"Phan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5107","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.58.005107","article-title":"Reliability assessment of an optical current sensor based on accelerated aging tests","volume":"58","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microrel.2026.116043","article-title":"Long-term drift of a bandgap voltage reference by molding compound oxidation during extended thermal aging","volume":"179","author":"Rongen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Microelectron. Reliab."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1109\/MIM.2024.10472985","article-title":"Determination of the calibration interval of measuring instruments: Which method should I use?","volume":"27","author":"Kopke","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.21014\/acta_imeko.v9i5.998","article-title":"Traceable calibration of pressure based water level data loggers","volume":"9","author":"Matas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta IMEKO"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2307\/2532051","article-title":"A concordance correlation coefficient to evaluate reproducibility","volume":"45","author":"Lin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gerke, O. (2020). Reporting standards for a Bland\u2013Altman agreement analysis: A review of methodological reviews. Diagnostics, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10050334"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.04.004","article-title":"When can the Bland & Altman limits of agreement method be used and when it should not be used","volume":"137","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1109\/TDEI.2025.3599134","article-title":"Design of a multisensor array-based cable thermal fault diagnosis system","volume":"33","author":"Meng","year":"2026","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"101180","article-title":"The early warning method for offshore wind turbine gearbox oil temperature based on FSTAE-ATT","volume":"47","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sustain. Comput. Inform. Syst."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"9508112","article-title":"Directionally regularized two-stage calibration for cross-shaped MGT sensor arrays with physics-inspired error modeling","volume":"75","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5445","DOI":"10.1007\/s12633-021-01330-x","article-title":"Research on temperature zero drift of SiC piezoresistive pressure sensor based on asymmetric Wheatstone bridge","volume":"14","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Silicon"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, I., Asif, M., Shehzad, K., Rehman, M.R.U., Kim, D.G., Rikan, B.S., Pu, Y., Yoo, S.S., and Lee, K.-Y. (2020). A highly accurate, polynomial-based digital temperature compensation for piezoresistive pressure sensor in 180 nm CMOS technology. Sensors, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/s20185256"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shu, Y., Hua, C., Zhao, Z., Wang, P., Zhang, H., Yu, W., and Yu, H. (2024). Temperature compensation method based on bilinear interpolation for downhole high-temperature pressure sensors. Sensors, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/s24165123"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"2003111","article-title":"A dynamic temperature compensation method for piezoresistive pressure sensors using heat transfer analysis","volume":"74","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Efron, B., and Tibshirani, R.J. (1993). An Introduction to the Bootstrap, Chapman & Hall.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-4541-9"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B (Methodol.)"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, P., Li, W., Chen, C., Wu, S., Pan, P., Sun, K., Liu, M., Wang, J., and Li, X. (2023). A single-side micromachined MPa-scale high-temperature pressure sensor. Micromachines, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi14050981"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1109\/JMEMS.2017.2651162","article-title":"Identification and elimination of hygro-thermo-mechanical stress-effects in a high-precision MEMS pressure sensor","volume":"26","author":"Sandvand","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Microelectromech. Syst."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira, J.D. (2024). Pressure sensors: Working principles of static and dynamic calibration. Sensors, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/s24020629"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang, Y., Mouring, S., de Clerck, A., Mao, S., Ng, W., and Ruan, H. (2022). Development of a flexible integrated self-calibrating MEMS pressure sensor using a liquid-to-vapor phase change. Sensors, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/s22249737"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"100","article-title":"High temperature and high pressure downhole tool test system","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"China Pet. Mach."}],"container-title":["Sensors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/26\/17\/5650\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T08:13:00Z","timestamp":1788855180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/26\/17\/5650"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["s26175650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s26175650","relation":{},"ISSN":["1424-8220"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1424-8220","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]]}}}