{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:02:46Z","timestamp":1790326966627,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Support Program for High level Talents in Zhejiang Province","award":["2023R5212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023R5212"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&D Program Project: Online Quality Detection Sensor and System Application for Key Processes in Yarn Production","award":["2023YFB3210900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB3210900"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008990","name":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024C01124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024C01124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008990","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2024C01124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024C01124"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05yj3y977","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>High-value recycling of waste textiles requires accurate fiber-composition identification, yet similar blends often exhibit overlapping near-infrared absorption bands and substantial within-class variation. Using 291 waste-textile swatches, this study develops ConvPatchTST, a convolution-enhanced Patch Transformer that integrates Raw and SNV (SG) spectra as complementary input channels. Overlapping convolutional patch embedding captures local continuous absorption features, while a Transformer encoder models cross-band dependencies. Spectral bands spanning 958.5\u20131646.6 nm were selected for model training and analysis. Under a single fabric-swatch-grouped internal train-validation split with pixel-level evaluation, ConvPatchTST achieves an accuracy of 0.966 and a macro F1 of 0.970, outperforming several baseline models. The Raw + SNV (SG) representation also surpasses single-channel, three-channel, and alternative dual-channel inputs. Pairwise analysis identifies statistically discriminative and highly attributed intervals for four similar material pairs. For polyester\/polysp, the intervals near 1369.0\u20131379.6 nm show clear statistical-model agreement. These results indicate that complementary spectral representations and convolution-enhanced Patch modeling support accurate classification and provide band-level clues for interpreting model decisions. Generalization to external samples, batches, and instruments requires further validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26196069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T08:09:02Z","timestamp":1790323742000},"page":"6069","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Classification of Waste Textiles Using Complementary Spectral Representations and a Convolution-Enhanced Patch Transformer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Ru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiasha Campus, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xingyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiasha Campus, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5932-104X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laihu","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiasha Campus, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2834-327X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiasha Campus, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiasha Campus, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Changjiang","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Xiasha Campus, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1038\/s43017-020-0039-9","article-title":"The environmental price of fast fashion","volume":"1","author":"Peters","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. 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