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We recruited 50 participants with CLBP (age: 65.68 \u00b1 11.84) and 50 age-matched controls (age: 65.26 \u00b1 10.73) wearing multiple inertial measurement units (IMUs) to evaluate kinematics: average absolute angular velocity (J\u03c9) and linear acceleration (J\u03b1) across static (single-leg stance), perturbed (balance board), locomotor (walking, tandem gait), and transitional (five times sit-to-stand) tasks. Group differences were assessed using multivariate analysis of variance and Bonferroni-adjusted univariate tests. During the balance board test, \u00a0J\u03c9 was significantly higher at the chest (p\u00a0 = 0.027) and hip (p\u00a0 = 0.003) in the CLBP group. Conversely, during the sit-to-stand tests, the CLBP group showed significantly lower J\u03b1 and \u00a0J\u03c9 (p &lt; 0.0001) at the hip. The CLBP group exhibited globally lower \u00a0J\u03c9 (p\u00a0 &lt; 0.01) during normal walking, while the AmpPR (p\u00a0 = 0.001) was exclusively reduced during tandem gait. These results suggest that multi-sensor IMU-based assessments provide a sensitive tool for detecting subtle, task-specific balance deficits in CLBP, indicating that rehabilitation should target rotational mobility and reactive control rather than core stiffening alone. Larger-scale and longitudinal research is still required to determine their clinical utility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26196182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:14:37Z","timestamp":1790694877000},"page":"6182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Task-Specific Gait and Balance Deficits in Chronic Low Back Pain Using Multi-Sensor Inertial Measurement Units"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0851-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen-Chang","family":"Chien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Lik-Kang","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Chia-Wei","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Chien-Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Gerontology and Health Care Management, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8398-883X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szu-Fu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical University, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5011-7934","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fu-Cheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30970-9","article-title":"Non-specific low back pain","volume":"389","author":"Maher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1080\/21642850.2021.2022487","article-title":"Determinants of quality of life in individuals with chronic low back pain: A systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Psychol. 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