{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:55:21Z","timestamp":1790934921578,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["81971700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971700"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Graduate Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing","award":["CYB23073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CYB23073"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sensors"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Continuous assessment of myocardial infarction (MI) using photoplethysmography (PPG) signals has potential for out-of-hospital cardiovascular monitoring, yet conventional single-channel and short-window approaches have limitations in capturing complex hemodynamic variations and dynamic disease-state transitions. To address these limitations, we propose MDT-HMTL, a Multidimensional Temporal Hierarchical Multi-Task Learning framework tailored for simultaneous MI detection and disease-state classification. By integrating multi-channel physiological representations with hierarchical temporal modeling, MDT-HMTL captures local morphological characteristics and longer-range temporal dependencies within a unified multi-task architecture. Evaluation on the MIMIC-III clinical database achieved an average area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.908 and an overall accuracy of 86.4%. Furthermore, ablation studies demonstrated the contributions of multi-dimensional representation learning and hierarchical temporal modeling to the overall performance. The proposed framework demonstrates the feasibility of PPG-based MI detection and longitudinal disease-state assessment, highlighting its potential for future non-invasive and wearable-compatible cardiovascular monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/s26196259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:10:48Z","timestamp":1790932248000},"page":"6259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MDT-HMTL: A Multidimensional Temporal Hierarchical Multi-Task Learning Framework for Myocardial Infarction Detection and State Classification Using PPG Signals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Hui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jinxiu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Huimeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1097\/JCN.0000000000001200","article-title":"The global burden of cardiovascular disease in adults: A mapping review","volume":"40","author":"Victor","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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