{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T02:53:59Z","timestamp":1785207239152,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study developed and validated an instrument to measure students\u2019 readiness to learn about artificial intelligence (AI). The designed survey questionnaire was administrated in a school district in Beijing after an AI course was developed and implemented. The collected data and analytical results provided insights regarding the self-reported perceptions of primary students\u2019 AI readiness and enabled the identification of factors that may influence this parameter. The results indicated that AI literacy was not predictive of AI readiness. The influences of AI literacy were mediated by the students\u2019 confidence and perception of AI relevance. The students\u2019 AI readiness was not influenced by a reduction in their anxiety regarding AI and an enhancement in their AI literacy. Male students reported a higher confidence, relevance, and readiness for AI than female students did. The sentiments reflected by the open-ended responses of the students indicated that the students were generally excited to learn about AI and viewed AI as a powerful and useful technology. The student sentiments confirmed the quantitative findings. The validated survey can help teachers better understand and monitor students\u2019 learning, as well as reflect on the design of the AI curriculum and the associated teaching effectiveness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su12166597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]],"date-time":"2020-08-14T08:28:35Z","timestamp":1597393715000},"page":"6597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":263,"title":["Promoting Students\u2019 Well-Being by Developing Their Readiness for the Artificial Intelligence Age"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yun","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Sing","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8342-966X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9186-0484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morris Siu-Yung","family":"Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teacher Training and Development Centre of Chaoyang District, Beijing 100082, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical-Electronic and Vehicle Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100081, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cope, B., Kalantzis, M., and Searsmith, D. 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