{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T10:48:22Z","timestamp":1782125302517,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ASP644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ASP644"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"EPSRC Platform Grant","award":["EP\/P022405\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/P022405\/1"]}]},{"name":"EPSRC UCL Doctoral Prize Fellowship","award":["664EP\/N509577\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["664EP\/N509577\/1"]}]},{"name":"the Danish National Energy Technological Development and Demonstration program (EUDP)","award":["64017-05175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["64017-05175"]}]},{"name":"the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE)","award":["SI\/501896-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SI\/501896-0"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Historic, listed, or unlisted, buildings account for 30% of the European building stock. Since they are complex systems of cultural, architectural, and identity value, they need particular attention to ensure that they are preserved, used, and managed over time in a sustainable way. This implies a demand for retrofit solutions able to improve indoor thermal conditions while reducing the use of energy sources and preserving the heritage significance. Often, however, the choice and implementation of retrofit solutions in historic buildings is limited by socio-technical barriers (regulations, lack of knowledge on the hygrothermal behaviour of built heritage, economic viability, etc.). This paper presents the approach devised in the IEA-SHC Task 59 project (Renovating Historic Buildings Towards Zero Energy) to support decision makers in selecting retrofit solutions, in accordance with the provision of the EN 16883:2017 standard. In particular, the method followed by the project partners to gather and assess compatible solutions for historic buildings retrofitting is presented. It focuses on best practices for walls, windows, HVAC systems, and solar technologies. This work demonstrates that well-balanced retrofit solutions can exist and can be evaluated case-by-case through detailed assessment criteria. As a main result, the paper encourages decision makers to opt for tailored energy retrofit to solve the conflict between conservation and energy performance requirements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su13052927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T23:04:39Z","timestamp":1615244679000},"page":"2927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Conservation-Compatible Retrofit Solutions in Historic Buildings: An Integrated Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7541-4978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessia","family":"Buda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (ABC), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6906-3793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernst Jan","family":"de Place Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University (AAU), 2450 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Rieser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy-Efficient Buildings, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2450-1494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuela","family":"Giancola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy, Centro de Investigaciones Energ\u00e9ticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol\u00f3gica (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria Natalina","family":"Pracchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (ABC), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering (ABC), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3718-9743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Marincioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources (BSEER), University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8701-7048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Gori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources (BSEER), University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6627-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalliopi","family":"Fouseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bartlett School of Environment, Energy and Resources (BSEER), University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6590-1043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina S.","family":"Polo L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Environment Construction and Design (DACD), Institute for Applied Sustainability to the Built Environment (ISAAC), University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6850 Mendrisio, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3441-0070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Lo Faro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Universit\u00e0 di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1051-6580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aitziber","family":"Egusquiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Haas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurac Research, Institute for Renewable Energy, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Leonardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurac Research, Institute for Renewable Energy, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Herrera-Avellanosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eurac Research, Institute for Renewable Energy, 39100 Bolzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2020, December 19). 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