{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T18:14:59Z","timestamp":1785176099252,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"American University of Sharjah"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the ever-evolving era of technological advancements, generative artificial intelligence (GAI) emerges as a transformative force, revolutionizing education. This review paper, guided by the PRISMA framework, presents a comprehensive analysis of GAI in education, synthesizing key insights from a selection of 207 research papers to identify research gaps and future directions in the field. This study begins with a content analysis that explores GAI\u2019s transformative impact in specific educational domains, including medical education and engineering education. The versatile applications of GAI encompass assessment, personalized learning support, and intelligent tutoring systems. Ethical considerations, interdisciplinary collaboration, and responsible technology use are highlighted, emphasizing the need for transparent GAI models and addressing biases. Subsequently, a bibliometric analysis of GAI in education is conducted, examining prominent AI tools, research focus, geographic distribution, and interdisciplinary collaboration. ChatGPT emerges as a dominant GAI tool, and the analysis reveals significant and exponential growth in GAI research in 2023. Moreover, this paper identifies promising future research directions, such as GAI-enhanced curriculum design and longitudinal studies tracking its long-term impact on learning outcomes. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of GAI\u2019s potential in reshaping education and offer valuable insights to researchers, educators, and policymakers interested in the intersection of GAI and education.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su151712983","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T08:26:52Z","timestamp":1693297612000},"page":"12983","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":636,"title":["Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2832-3672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zied","family":"Bahroun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiraz","family":"Anane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Foreign Languages, College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1176-6509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vian","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Zacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, July 28). OpenAI ChatGPT. Available online: https:\/\/chat.openai.com."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"ChatGPT in higher education: Considerations for academic integrity and student learning","volume":"6","author":"Sullivan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Learn. Teach."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bahrini, A., Khamoshifar, M., Abbasimehr, H., Riggs, R.J., Esmaeili, M., Majdabadkohne, R.M., and Pasehvar, M. (2023, January 27\u201328). ChatGPT: Applications, opportunities, and threats. Proceedings of the 2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS), Charlottesville, VA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/SIEDS58326.2023.10137850"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"(2023, July 28). Google Bard. Available online: https:\/\/bard.google.com\/."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2023, July 28). Github Copilot. Available online: https:\/\/copilot.github.com\/."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hadi, M.U., Qureshi, R., Shah, A., Irfan, M., Zafar, A., Shaikh, M.B., Akhtar, N., Wu, J., and Mirjalili, S. (2023). A Survey on Large Language Models: Applications, Challenges, Limitations, and Practical Usage. TechRxiv.","DOI":"10.36227\/techrxiv.23589741.v1"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baidoo-Anu, D., and Owusu Ansah, L. (2023, July 28). Education in the Era of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI): Understanding the Potential Benefits of ChatGPT in Promoting Teaching and Learning. Available online: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=4337484.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4337484"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-023-00392-8","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in higher education: The state of the field","volume":"20","author":"Crompton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e103","DOI":"10.52225\/narra.v3i1.103","article-title":"ChatGPT applications in medical, dental, pharmacy, and public health education: A descriptive study highlighting the advantages and limitations","volume":"3","author":"Sallam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Narra J."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsu, M., Chan, T., and Yu, C. (2023). Termbot: A Chatbot-Based Crossword Game for Gamified Medical Terminology Learning. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20054185"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacNeil, S., Tran, A., Mogil, D., Bernstein, S., Ross, E., and Huang, Z. (2022, January 7\u201311). Generating diverse code explanations using the gpt-3 large language model. Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research, Lugano, Switzerland.","DOI":"10.1145\/3501709.3544280"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahman, M.M., and Watanobe, Y. (2023). ChatGPT for education and research: Opportunities, threats, and strategies. Appl. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202303.0473.v1"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kooli, C. (2023). Chatbots in education and research: A critical examination of ethical implications and solutions. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15075614"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Markel, J.M., Opferman, S.G., Landay, J.A., and Piech, C. (2023, January 20\u201322). GPTeach: Interactive TA Training with GPT Based Students. Proceedings of the Tenth ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale (L@S \u201823), Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/3573051.3593393"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"(2023, August 06). Prisma Framework. Available online: http:\/\/www.prisma-statement.org\/."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonsson, M., and Tholander, J. (2022, January 20\u201323). Cracking the code: Co-coding with AI in creative programming education. Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Creativity and Cognition, Venice, Italy.","DOI":"10.1145\/3527927.3532801"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Finnie-Ansley, J., Denny, P., Becker, B.A., Luxton-Reilly, A., and Prather, J. (2022, January 14\u201318). The robots are coming: Exploring the implications of openai codex on introductory programming. Proceedings of the 24th Australasian Computing Education Conference, Virtual Event.","DOI":"10.1145\/3511861.3511863"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Denny, P., Kumar, V., and Giacaman, N. (2023, January 15\u201318). Conversing with copilot: Exploring prompt engineering for solving cs1 problems using natural language. Proceedings of the 54th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1, Toronto, ON, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3545945.3569823"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kazemitabaar, M., Chow, J., Ma, C.K.T., Ericson, B.J., Weintrop, D., and Grossman, T. (2023, January 23\u201328). Studying the effect of AI code generators on supporting novice learners in introductory programming. Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Hamburg, Germany.","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3580919"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savelka, J., Agarwal, A., Bogart, C., and Sakr, M. (2023). Large language models (gpt) struggle to answer multiple-choice questions about code. arXiv.","DOI":"10.5220\/0011996900003470"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wermelinger, M. (2023, January 15\u201318). Using GitHub copilot to solve simple programming problems. Proceedings of the 54th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1, Toronto, ON, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3545945.3569830"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Becker, B.A., Denny, P., Finnie-Ansley, J., Luxton-Reilly, A., Prather, J., and Santos, E.A. (2023, January 15\u201318). Programming is hard-or at least it used to be: Educational opportunities and challenges of AI code generation. Proceedings of the 54th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1, Toronto, ON, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3545945.3569759"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1145\/3595634","article-title":"Teaching CS-101 at the Dawn of ChatGPT","volume":"14","author":"Jacques","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACM Inroads"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raji, I.D., Scheuerman, M.K., and Amironesei, R. (2021, January 3\u201310). You can\u2019t sit with us: Exclusionary pedagogy in AI ethics education. Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, Virtual Event.","DOI":"10.1145\/3442188.3445914"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2023.100147","article-title":"The effect of generative artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool use on students\u2019 computational thinking skills, programming self-efficacy and motivation","volume":"4","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corti\u00f1as-Lorenzo, K., and Lacey, G. (2023). Toward Explainable Affective Computing: A Review. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst., accepted.","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2023.3270027"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ece.2023.05.005","article-title":"A perspective on the synergistic potential of artificial intelligence and product-based learning strategies in biobased materials education","volume":"44","author":"Marquez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.3c00006","article-title":"Potential ChatGPT Use in Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratories","volume":"100","author":"Humphry","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chem. Educ."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Ruiz, L.M., Moll-L\u00f3pez, S., Nu\u00f1ez-P\u00e9rez, A., Mora\u00f1o-Fern\u00e1ndez, J.A., and Vega-Fleitas, E. (2023). ChatGPT Challenges Blended Learning Methodologies in Engineering Education: A Case Study in Mathematics. Appl. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/app13106039"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/03043797.2023.2213169","article-title":"ChatGPT versus engineering education assessment: A multidisciplinary and multi-institutional benchmarking and analysis of this generative artificial intelligence tool to investigate assessment integrity","volume":"48","author":"Nikolic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Eng. Educ."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gmeiner, F., Yang, H., Yao, L., Holstein, K., and Martelaro, N. (2023, January 23\u201328). Exploring challenges and opportunities to support designers in learning to co-create with AI-based manufacturing design tools. Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Hamburg, Germany.","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3580999"},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Chen, C., Olajoyegbe, T.O., and Morkos, B. (2020, January 22\u201326). The imminent educational paradigm shift: How artificial intelligence will reframe how we educate the next generation of engineering designers. Proceedings of the 2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access, Virtual Event."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galdon, F., Hall, A., and Ferrarello, L. (2021, January 9\u201310). Enhacing abductive reasoning in design and engineering education via probabilistic knowledge; a case study in ai. Proceedings of the DS 110: 23rd International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education (E&PDE 2021), VIA Design, VIA University, Herning, Denmark.","DOI":"10.35199\/EPDE.2021.65"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elfaki, A.O., Abduljabbar, M., Ali, L., Alnajjar, F., Mehiar, D., Marei, A.M., Alhmiedat, T., and Al-Jumaily, A. (2023). Revolutionizing Social Robotics: A Cloud-Based Framework for Enhancing the Intelligence and Autonomy of Social Robots. Robotics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics12020048"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konecki, M., Konecki, M., and Bi\u0161kupi\u0107, I. (2023, January 21\u201323). Using artificial intelligence in higher education. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Supported Education, Prague, Czech Republic.","DOI":"10.5220\/0012039700003470"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"02","article-title":"Prompting higher education towards AI-augmented teaching and learning practice","volume":"20","author":"Eager","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Univ. Teach. Learn. Pract."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2210461","DOI":"10.1080\/2331186X.2023.2210461","article-title":"Time to Revisit Existing Student\u2019s Performance Evaluation Approach in Higher Education Sector in a New Era of ChatGPT\u2014A Case Study","volume":"10","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cogent Educ."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3414","DOI":"10.54055\/ejtr.v34i.3169","article-title":"Holy or unholy? Interview with open AI\u2019s ChatGPT","volume":"34","author":"Iskender","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Tour. Res."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"3414","article-title":"To use or not to use ChatGPT in higher education? A study of students\u2019 acceptance and use of technology","volume":"34","author":"Strzelecki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Interact. Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-023-00404-7","article-title":"Learning with ChatGPT 3.5 as a more knowledgeable other: An autoethnographic study","volume":"20","author":"Stojanov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"21168","article-title":"How Machine Learning (ML) is Transforming Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review","volume":"8","author":"Pinto","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Inf. Syst. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waisberg, E., Ong, J., Masalkhi, M., Kamran, S.A., Zaman, N., Sarker, P., Lee, A.G., and Tavakkoli, A. (2023). GPT-4: A new era of artificial intelligence in medicine. Ir. J. Med. Sci., 1\u20134.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-023-03377-8"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-023-01998-2","article-title":"The role of an open artificial intelligence platform in modern neurosurgical education: A preliminary study","volume":"46","author":"Sevgi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Rev."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2023.02.006","article-title":"Are ChatGPT and other pretrained language models good parasitologists?","volume":"39","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"1","article-title":"Are ChatGPT\u2019s knowledge and interpretation ability comparable to those of medical students in Korea for taking a parasitology examination?: A descriptive study","volume":"20","author":"Huh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Educ. Eval. Health Prof."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-023-00399-4","article-title":"Deep learning generates synthetic cancer histology for explainability and education","volume":"7","author":"Dolezal","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztad029","article-title":"ChatGPT takes on the European Exam in Core Cardiology: An artificial intelligence success story?","volume":"4","author":"Skalidis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J.-Digit. Health"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corsello, A., and Santangelo, A. (2023). May Artificial Intelligence Influence Future Pediatric Research?\u2014The Case of ChatGPT. Children, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/children10040757"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lyu, Q., Tan, J., Zapadka, M.E., Ponnatapuram, J., Niu, C., Wang, G., and Whitlow, C.T. (2023). Translating radiology reports into plain language using chatgpt and gpt-4 with prompt learning: Promising results, limitations, and potential. arXiv.","DOI":"10.1186\/s42492-023-00136-5"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46876","DOI":"10.2196\/46876","article-title":"ChatGPT in clinical toxicology","volume":"9","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Med. Educ."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.4174\/astr.2023.104.5.269","article-title":"ChatGPT goes to the operating room: Evaluating GPT-4 performance and its potential in surgical education and training in the era of large language models","volume":"104","author":"Oh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Treat. Res."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr2214184","article-title":"Benefits, limits, and risks of GPT-4 as an AI chatbot for medicine","volume":"388","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, J., Por, L.Y., Leong, M.C., and Ku, C.S. (2023). The Potential of ChatGPT in Assisting Children with Down Syndrome. Ann. Biomed. Eng., 1\u20133.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-023-03281-3"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845305","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.845305","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review of Artificial Intelligence in Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 Pandemic","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-023-01925-4","article-title":"Evaluating the feasibility of ChatGPT in healthcare: An analysis of multiple clinical and research scenarios","volume":"47","author":"Cascella","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Med. Syst."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2023.03.004","article-title":"Utilization of ChatGPT for plastic surgery research: Friend or foe?","volume":"80","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthetic Surg."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2023.2186203","article-title":"Ethical use of artificial intelligence in health professions education: AMEE Guide No. 158","volume":"45","author":"Masters","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Teach."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2023.105796","article-title":"Chatting or cheating? The impacts of ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence language models on nurse education","volume":"125","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2023.105835","article-title":"What is ChatGPT and what do we do with it? Implications of the age of AI for nursing and midwifery practice and education: An editorial","volume":"127","author":"Irwin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12556","DOI":"10.1111\/nin.12556","article-title":"Will ChatGPT undermine ethical values in nursing education, research, and practice","volume":"30","author":"Abdulai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurs. Inq."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/NNE.0000000000001383","article-title":"Using ChatGPT to teach enhanced clinical judgment in nursing education","volume":"48","author":"Seney","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nurse Educ."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed, S.K. (2023). The Impact of ChatGPT on the Nursing Profession: Revolutionizing Patient Care and Education. Ann. Biomed. Eng., 1\u20132.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-023-03262-6"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2023.102720","article-title":"The CLEAR path: A framework for enhancing information literacy through prompt engineering","volume":"49","author":"Lo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Acad. Librariansh."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"3385477","article-title":"Short sequence Chinese-English machine translation based on generative adversarial networks of emotion","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"e320219","article-title":"Can ChatGPT improve communication in hospitals?","volume":"32","author":"Hultberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prof. Inf."},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"84","article-title":"Collaborating with ChatGPT: Considering the implications of generative artificial intelligence for journalism and media education","volume":"78","author":"Pavlik","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mass Commun. Educ."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, Y., Poralla, P., Dash, S., Li, K., Desai, V., and Qiu, M. (2023, January 6\u20138). The impact of chatgpt on streaming media: A crowdsourced and data-driven analysis using twitter and reddit. Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE 9th Intl Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity), IEEE Intl Conference on High Performance and Smart Computing, (HPSC) and IEEE Intl Conference on Intelligent Data and Security (IDS), New York, NY, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/BigDataSecurity-HPSC-IDS58521.2023.00046"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2023.05.016","article-title":"The emergent role of artificial intelligence, natural learning processing, and large language models in higher education and research","volume":"19","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res. Soc. Adm. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cotton, D.R., Cotton, P.A., and Shipway, J.R. (2023). Chatting and cheating: Ensuring academic integrity in the era of ChatGPT. Innov. Educ. Teach. Int., 1\u201312.","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2023.2190148"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2023.04.008","article-title":"Academic integrity and artificial intelligence: Is ChatGPT hype, hero or heresy?","volume":"53","author":"Currie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.5114\/biolsport.2023.125623","article-title":"From human writing to artificial intelligence generated text: Examining the prospects and potential threats of ChatGPT in academic writing","volume":"40","author":"Dergaa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol. Sport"},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"07","article-title":"Academic Integrity considerations of AI Large Language Models in the post-pandemic era: ChatGPT and beyond","volume":"20","author":"Perkins","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Univ. Teach. Learn. Pract."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inamdar, S. (2023). Impact of artificial intelligence text generators (AITGs) on libraries. Libr. Hi Tech News, ahead-of-print.","DOI":"10.1108\/LHTN-03-2023-0048"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1108\/LHTN-04-2023-0063","article-title":"ChatGPT: A viral data-driven disruption in the information environment","volume":"40","author":"Frederick","year":"2023","journal-title":"Libr. Hi Tech News"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2023.100144","article-title":"Surfing the technology wave: An international perspective on enhancing teaching and learning in accounting","volume":"4","author":"Thottoli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geerling, W., Mateer, G.D., Wooten, J., and Damodaran, N. (2023). ChatGPT has aced the test of understanding in college economics: Now what?. Am. Econ., 05694345231169654.","DOI":"10.1177\/05694345231169654"},{"key":"ref_77","first-page":"253","article-title":"Reversing the threat of artificial intelligence to opportunity: A discussion of ChatGPT in tourism education","volume":"23","author":"Skavronskaya","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Teach. Travel Tour."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elnozahy, W.A., and El Khayat, G.A. (2023, January 21\u201323). Multi-lang question answering framework for decision support in educational institutes. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Supported Education, Prague, Czech Republic.","DOI":"10.5220\/0012059700003470"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayd\u0131n, N., and Erdem, O.A. (2022, January 15\u201316). A research on the new generation artificial intelligence technology generative pretraining transformer 3. Proceedings of the 2022 3rd International Informatics and Software Engineering Conference (IISEC), Ankara, Turkey.","DOI":"10.1109\/IISEC56263.2022.9998298"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1007\/s10956-023-10039-y","article-title":"Examining science education in chatgpt: An exploratory study of generative artificial intelligence","volume":"32","author":"Cooper","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sci. Educ. Technol."},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"Su, J., and Yang, W. (2023). Unlocking the power of ChatGPT: A framework for applying generative AI in education. ECNU Rev. Educ., 20965311231168423."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2023.3253292","article-title":"The Rise of Generative Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Education: The Promises and Perils","volume":"56","author":"Murugesan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-023-00863-9","article-title":"Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education, Part One: The Dynamic Frontier","volume":"67","author":"Hsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"TechTrends"},{"key":"ref_84","unstructured":"M\u00f8rch, A.I., and Andersen, R. (2023, July 14). Human-Centred AI in Education in the Age of Generative AI Tools. Available online: https:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-3408\/short-s2-08.pdf."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161777","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2023.1161777","article-title":"Do we still need teachers? navigating the paradigm shift of the teacher\u2019s role in the AI era","volume":"8","author":"Gentile","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Educ."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202338","DOI":"10.30935\/ojcmt\/13366","article-title":"Public Perceptions Towards ChatGPT as the Robo-Assistant","volume":"13","author":"Jangjarat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Online J. Commun. Media Technol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-023-00237-x","article-title":"What if the devil is my guardian angel: ChatGPT as a case study of using chatbots in education","volume":"10","author":"Tlili","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.14742\/ajet.8695","article-title":"Mapping out a research agenda for generative artificial intelligence in tertiary education","volume":"39","author":"Lodge","year":"2023","journal-title":"Australas. J. Educ. Technol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2020.100002","article-title":"Application and theory gaps during the rise of artificial intelligence in education","volume":"1","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, W., He, H., Liu, J., Berson, I.R., Berson, M.J., Zhou, Y., and Li, H. (2023). Aladdin\u2019s Genie or Pandora\u2019s Box for Early Childhood Education? Experts Chat on the Roles, Challenges, and Developments of ChatGPT. Early Educ. Dev., 2214181.","DOI":"10.1080\/10409289.2023.2214181"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2023.102274","article-title":"ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education","volume":"103","author":"Kasneci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Learn. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Golovianko, M., Gryshko, S., Terziyan, V., and Tuunanen, T. (2022). Responsible cognitive digital clones as decision-makers: A design science research study. Eur. J. Inf. Syst., 1\u201323.","DOI":"10.1080\/0960085X.2022.2073278"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6280","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3092677","article-title":"Lifelong teacher-student network learning","volume":"44","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1108\/CI-02-2022-0034","article-title":"EDU-AI: A twofold machine learning model to support classroom layout generation","volume":"23","author":"Karadag","year":"2022","journal-title":"Constr. Innov."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14626268.2023.2174557","article-title":"Using artificial intelligence in craft education: Crafting with text-to-image generative models","volume":"34","author":"Vartiainen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Digit. Creat."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhai, C., Wibowo, S., and Cowling, M. (2023, January 18\u201320). An innovative tool for education: An adversarial dialogue system embedded with humor, empathy and culture. Proceedings of the 2023 11th International Conference on Information and Education Technology (ICIET), Fujisawa, Japan.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIET56899.2023.10111118"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarr, J.M.A., Yannakakis, G.N., Liapis, A., Bah, A., and Cambier, C. (2020, January 15\u201318). Djehuty: A mixed-initiative handwriting game for preschoolers. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, Bugibba, Malta.","DOI":"10.1145\/3402942.3403030"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.13336","article-title":"Using natural language processing to support peer-feedback in the age of artificial intelligence: A cross-disciplinary framework and a research agenda","volume":"54","author":"Bauer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Educ. Technol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farrokhnia, M., Banihashem, S.K., Noroozi, O., and Wals, A. (2023). A SWOT analysis of ChatGPT: Implications for educational practice and research. Innov. Educ. Teach. Int., 1\u201315.","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2023.2195846"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howell, B.E., and Potgieter, P.H. (2023). What do telecommunications policy academics have to fear from GPT-3?. Telecommun. Policy, 102576.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.telpol.2023.102576"},{"key":"ref_101","unstructured":"Huang, Y., and Khan, S.M. (2021). Computational Psychometrics: New Methodologies for a New Generation of Digital Learning and Assessment: With Examples in R and Python, Springer."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2023.3255599","article-title":"Rethinking Homework in the Age of Artificial Intelligence","volume":"38","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sung, C., Dhamecha, T.I., and Mukhi, N. (2019, January 25\u201329). Improving short answer grading using transformer-based pre-training. Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education: 20th International Conference, AIED 2019, Chicago, IL, USA.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23204-7_39"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lo, C.K. (2023). What is the impact of ChatGPT on education? A rapid review of the literature. Educ. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13040410"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ajevski, M., Barker, K., Gilbert, A., Hardie, L., and Ryan, F. (2023). ChatGPT and the future of legal education and practice. Law Teach., 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1080\/03069400.2023.2207426"},{"key":"ref_106","first-page":"01","article-title":"Reclaiming the technology of higher education for teaching digital writing in a post\u2014Pandemic world","volume":"20","author":"Johinke","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Univ. Teach. Learn. Pract."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kova\u010devi\u0107, D. (2023, January 15\u201317). Use of chatgpt in ESP teaching process. Proceedings of the 2023 22nd International Symposium INFOTEH-JAHORINA (INFOTEH), East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOTEH57020.2023.10094133"},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"1464","article-title":"Establishing a Fusion Model of Attention Mechanism and Generative Adversarial Network to Estimate Students\u2019 Attitudes in English Classes","volume":"29","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Teh. Vjesn."},{"key":"ref_109","first-page":"4167760","article-title":"The Design Model of English Graded Teaching Assistant Expert System Based on Improved B\/S Three-Tier Structure System","volume":"2022","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mob. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/isaf.1531","article-title":"An analysis of three chatbots: BlenderBot, ChatGPT and LaMDA","volume":"30","year":"2023","journal-title":"Intell. Syst. Account. Financ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, D. (2023). Impact of ChatGPT on learners in a L2 writing practicum: An exploratory investigation. Educ. Inf. Technol., 1\u201325.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11742-4"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.13337","article-title":"Learning to work with the black box: Pedagogy for a world with artificial intelligence","volume":"54","author":"Bearman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Educ. Technol."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1108\/LHTN-02-2023-0017","article-title":"Through the looking glass: Envisioning new library technologies AI-text generators as explained by ChatGPT","volume":"40","author":"Fernandez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Libr. Hi Tech News"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iotcps.2023.04.003","article-title":"ChatGPT: A comprehensive review on background, applications, key challenges, bias, ethics, limitations and future scope","volume":"3","author":"Ray","year":"2023","journal-title":"Internet Things Cyber-Phys. Syst."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/14765284.2023.2210482","article-title":"ChatGPT: Systematic Review, Applications, and Agenda for Multidisciplinary Research","volume":"21","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chin. Econ. Bus. Stud."},{"key":"ref_116","unstructured":"Danry, V., Leong, J., Pataranutaporn, P., Tandon, P., Liu, Y., Shilkrot, R., Punpongsanon, P., Weissman, T., Maes, P., and Sra, M. (May, January 29). AI-generated characters: Putting deepfakes to good use. Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, New Orleans, LA, USA."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, S., DiPaola, D., Lee, I., Hong, J., and Breazeal, C. (2021, January 8\u201313). Exploring generative models with middle school students. Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Yokohama, Japan.","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445226"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adams, T., Jameel, S.M., and Goggins, J. (2023). Education for Sustainable Development: Mapping the SDGs to University Curricula. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15108340"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.3c00063","article-title":"Was This Title Generated by ChatGPT? Considerations for Artificial Intelligence Text-Generation Software Programs for Chemists and Chemistry Educators","volume":"100","author":"Emenike","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chem. Educ."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164154","article-title":"Use of ChatGPT: What does it mean for biology and environmental science?","volume":"888","author":"Agathokleous","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.14222","article-title":"Scientific novelty beyond the experiment","volume":"16","author":"Hallsworth","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Megahed, F.M., Chen, Y., Ferris, J.A., Knoth, S., and Jones-Farmer, L.A. (2023). How generative AI models such as chatgpt can be (mis) used in spc practice, education, and research? an exploratory study. Qual. Eng., 1\u201329.","DOI":"10.1080\/08982112.2023.2206479"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1108\/JTF-02-2023-0038","article-title":"Game of algorithms: ChatGPT implications for the future of tourism education and research","volume":"9","author":"Ivanov","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Tour. Futures"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.3c00087","article-title":"Evaluating academic answers generated using ChatGPT","volume":"100","author":"Fergus","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chem. Educ."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.17268\/sci.agropecu.2023.010","article-title":"El modelo de lenguaje basado en inteligencia artificial sensible-ChatGPT: An\u00e1lisis bibliom\u00e9trico y posibles usos en la agricultura y pecuaria","volume":"14","author":"Siche","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Agropecu."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uddin, S.J., Albert, A., Ovid, A., and Alsharef, A. (2023). Leveraging ChatGPT to Aid Construction Hazard Recognition and Support Safety Education and Training. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15097121"},{"key":"ref_127","first-page":"174","article-title":"Fit for Purpose Building Information Modelling and Systems Integration (BIMSI) for Better Construction Projects Management","volume":"10","author":"Wolfert","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mod. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, R., and Yu, Z. (2023). Do AI chatbots improve students learning outcomes? Evidence from a meta-analysis. Br. J. Educ. Technol.","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.13334"},{"key":"ref_129","first-page":"1","article-title":"Examining the Impacts of ChatGPT on Student Motivation and Engagement","volume":"23","author":"Gayoso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc. Space"},{"key":"ref_130","first-page":"02","article-title":"Leadership is needed for ethical ChatGPT: Character, assessment, and learning using artificial intelligence (AI)","volume":"20","author":"Crawford","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Univ. Teach. Learn. Pract."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38805","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3268224","article-title":"Exploring Students\u2019 Perceptions of CHATGPT: Thematic Analysis and Follow-Up Survey","volume":"11","author":"Shoufan","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.3c00011","article-title":"The Challenges and Value of Undergraduate Oral Exams in the Physical Chemistry Classroom: A Useful Tool in the Assessment Toolbox","volume":"100","author":"Gardner","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chem. Educ."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410448","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1410448","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence: A Universal Virtual Tool to Augment Tutoring in Higher Education","volume":"2022","author":"Hemachandran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_134","first-page":"293","article-title":"Personalized tutoring: ChatGPT as a virtual tutor for personalized learning experiences","volume":"23","author":"Limo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc. Space"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.54216\/IJNS.200414","article-title":"Exploring the Role of ChatGPT and social media in Enhancing Student Evaluation of Teaching Styles in Higher Education Using Neutrosophic Sets","volume":"20","author":"Alnaqbi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Neutrosophic Sci."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeon, J., and Lee, S. (2023). Large language models in education: A focus on the complementary relationship between human teachers and ChatGPT. Educ. Inf. Technol., 1\u201320.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11834-1"},{"key":"ref_137","unstructured":"Dijkstra, R., Gen\u00e7, Z., Kayal, S., and Kamps, J. (2023, July 16). Reading Comprehension Quiz Generation Using Generative Pre-Trained Transformers. Available online: https:\/\/intextbooks.science.uu.nl\/workshop2022\/files\/itb22_p1_full5439.pdf."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pataranutaporn, P., Leong, J., Danry, V., Lawson, A.P., Maes, P., and Sra, M. (2022, January 8\u201311). AI-generated virtual instructors based on liked or admired people can improve motivation and foster positive emotions for learning. Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), Uppsala, Sweden.","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE56618.2022.9962478"},{"key":"ref_139","unstructured":"Shu, D., Doss, C., Mondschein, J., Kopecky, D., Fitton-Kane, V., Bush, L., and Tucker, C. (2021, January 13\u201315). A pilot study investigating STEM learners\u2019 ability to decipher AI-generated video. Proceedings of the 2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference, Virtual Event."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"em2286","DOI":"10.29333\/ejmste\/13272","article-title":"ChatGPT: A revolutionary tool for teaching and learning mathematics","volume":"19","author":"Wardat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eurasia J. Math. Sci. Technol. Educ."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ep421","DOI":"10.30935\/cedtech\/13036","article-title":"ChatGPT in education: Strategies for responsible implementation","volume":"15","author":"Halaweh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Contemp. Educ. Technol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijme.2023.100790","article-title":"Generative AI and the future of education: Ragnar\u00f6k or reformation? A paradoxical perspective from management educators","volume":"21","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Manag. Educ."},{"key":"ref_143","first-page":"xviii","article-title":"Editorial Position Paper","volume":"26","author":"Hwang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educ. Technol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183162","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2023.1183162","article-title":"Generative artificial intelligence empowers educational reform: Current status, issues, and prospects","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Educ."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642","article-title":"\u201cSo what if ChatGPT wrote it?\u201d Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy","volume":"71","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1613\/jair.1.13550","article-title":"Get out of the BAG! Silos in AI ethics education: Unsupervised topic modeling analysis of global AI curricula","volume":"73","author":"Javed","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Artif. Intell. Res."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5038\/1936-4660.16.1.1438","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence, Basic Skills, and Quantitative Literacy","volume":"16","author":"Karaali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Numeracy"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1039\/D3RP90003G","article-title":"Establishing a delicate balance in the relationship between artificial intelligence and authentic assessment in student learning","volume":"24","author":"Lawrie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Educ. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robertson, L., and Muirhead, B. (2022, January 8\u201311). Where do we go from here? An interdisciplinary exploration of leveraging new technologies in education. Proceedings of the International Conference on Society and Information Technologies (ICSIT0), Orlando, FL, USA.","DOI":"10.54808\/ICSIT2022.01.104"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-\u00c1lvarez, C., and Falcon, S. (2023). Students\u2019 preferences with university teaching practices: Analysis of testimonials with artificial intelligence. Educ. Technol. Res. Dev., 1\u201316.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-023-10239-8"},{"key":"ref_151","unstructured":"Van Eck, N.J., and Waltman, L. (2020). VOSviewer Manual: Manual for VOSviewer Version 1.6.15, Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS) of Leiden University."},{"key":"ref_152","unstructured":"Januszewski, A., and \u017b\u00f3\u0142towski, D. (2023, January 10\u201312). Emerging ICT for Sustainable Development. Research Concept of Literature Analysis. Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS) 2023, Panama City, Panama."},{"key":"ref_153","unstructured":"Van Eck, N.J., and Waltman, L. (2011). Text mining and visualization using VOSviewer. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_154","unstructured":"(2023, July 28). OpenAI Codex. Available online: https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/openai-codex."}],"container-title":["Sustainability"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/15\/17\/12983\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:41:22Z","timestamp":1760128882000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/15\/17\/12983"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"references-count":154,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["su151712983"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su151712983","relation":{},"ISSN":["2071-1050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2071-1050","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]}}}