{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:44:13Z","timestamp":1787240653236,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["MRI-2116597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRI-2116597"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["P20GM130460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM130460"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health","award":["MRI-2116597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRI-2116597"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health","award":["P20GM130460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM130460"]}]},{"name":"Summer Graduate Research Grant from the Center for Biodiversity &amp; Conservation Research (CBCR)","award":["MRI-2116597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRI-2116597"]}]},{"name":"Summer Graduate Research Grant from the Center for Biodiversity &amp; Conservation Research (CBCR)","award":["P20GM130460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM130460"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sustainability"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tire wear particles (TWPs), a form of microplastics (MPs) pollution, are transported into waterbodies through stormwater runoff, leading to environmental pollution and impacts on associated biota. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of stormwater filter socks filled with rice husk biochar or pine tree woodchips in reducing TWP pollution in urban runoff in Oxford, Mississippi. Triplicate runoff samples were collected upstream and downstream of the biofilters at two sites during two storm events at peak flow within minutes of the start of the storm and after 30 min. Samples were analyzed for TWPs using a combination of stereomicroscopy, micro-attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (\u00b5-ATR-FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Concentrations (TWPs\/L) upstream of the biofilter were variable but highest at the start of the runoff, dropping from an average of 2811 \u00b1 1700 to 476 \u00b1 63 after 30 min at site 1 and from 2702 \u00b1 353 to 2356 \u00b1 884 at site 2. Biochar was more effective than woodchips (p &lt; 0.05) at removing TWPs, reducing concentrations by an average of 97.6% (first use) and 85.3% (second use) compared to 66.2% and 54.2% for woodchips, respectively. Biochar was particularly effective at removing smaller TWPs (&lt;100 \u00b5m). Both materials became less effective with use, suggesting fewer available trapping sites and the need for removal and replacement of the material with time. Overall, this study suggests that biochar and woodchips, alone or in combination, deserve further scrutiny as a potential cost-effective and sustainable method to mitigate the transfer of TWPs to aquatic ecosystems and associated biota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/su17094080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T09:16:12Z","timestamp":1746090972000},"page":"4080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Field Evaluation of Rice Husk Biochar and Pine Tree Woodchips for Removal of Tire Wear Particles from Urban Stormwater Runoff in Oxford, Mississippi (USA)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4935-733X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boluwatife S.","family":"Olubusoye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4107-0190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James V.","family":"Cizdziel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2045-3782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kendall","family":"Wontor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruojia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Hambuchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8403-8783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Voke Tonia","family":"Aminone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Water Quality and Ecology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Oxford, MS 38655, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7225-4988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin R.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.11.034","article-title":"Microplastics in freshwater river sediments in Shanghai, China: A case study of risk assessment in mega-cities","volume":"234","author":"Peng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. 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