{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:27:22Z","timestamp":1788348442689,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,11]],"date-time":"2024-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tomography"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To evaluate magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings in children and adolescents suffering from knee pain without traumatic or physical overload history and to identify potential anatomic risk factors. Material and Methods: A total of 507 MRIs of 6- to 20-year-old patients (251 males; 256 females) were evaluated with regard to detectable pathologies of the knee. The results were compared to a control group without pain (n = 73; 34 males; 39 females). A binary logistic regression model and t-tests for paired and unpaired samples were used to identify possible risk factors and significant anatomic differences of the study population. Results: In 348 patients (68.6%), at least one pathology was detected. The most commonly detected finding was chondromalacia of the patellofemoral (PF) joint (n = 205; 40.4%). Chondral lesions of the PF joint occurred significantly more often in knee pain patients than in the control group (40% vs. 11.0%; p = 0.001), especially in cases of a patella tilt angle &gt; 5\u00b0 (p \u2264 0.001), a bony sulcus angle &gt; 150\u00b0 (p = 0.002), a cartilaginous sulcus angle &gt; 150\u00b0 (p = 0.012), a lateral trochlear inclination &lt; 11\u00b0 (p \u2264 0.001), a lateralised patella (p = 0.023) and a Wiberg type II or III patella shape (p = 0.019). Moreover, a larger patella tilt angle (p = 0.021), a greater bony sulcus angle (p = 0.042), a larger cartilaginous sulcus angle (p = 0.038) and a lower value of the lateral trochlear inclination (p = 0.014) were detected in knee pain patients compared to the reference group. Conclusion: Chondromalacia of the PF joint is frequently observed in children and adolescents suffering from non-overload atraumatic knee pain, whereby a patella tilt angle &gt; 5\u00b0, a bony sulcus angle &gt; 150\u00b0, a cartilaginous sulcus angle &gt; 150\u00b0, a lateral trochlear inclination &lt; 11\u00b0, a lateralised patella and a Wiberg type II or III patella shape seem to represent anatomic risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography10020019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T06:19:59Z","timestamp":1707718799000},"page":"243-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Magnetic Resonance Image Findings and Potential Anatomic Risk Factors for Chodromalacia in Children and Adolescents Suffering from Non-Overload Atraumatic Knee Pain in the Ambulant Setting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0594-0213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolf","family":"B\u00e4umler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3867-660X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Popp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Ostheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, University of Ulm, 80937 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Dollinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Senk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4838-9644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Stroszczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Schaible","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"479","article-title":"Overuse Knee Pain in the Pediatric and Adolescent Athlete","volume":"19","author":"Sweeney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Optom. 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