{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:11:26Z","timestamp":1787029886128,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This research was funded by ALF foundation from Stockholm Province, China Scholarship Council, Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation, grant number LY18E070005 and Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province, grant number 2020C03020, the Joint","award":["STINT."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STINT."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tomography"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myalgic encephalomyelitis\/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME\/CFS) is an illness characterized by a diverse range of debilitating symptoms including autonomic, immunologic, and cognitive dysfunction. Although neurological and cognitive aberrations have been consistently reported, relatively little is known regarding the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in ME\/CFS. In this study, we studied a cohort of 31 ME\/CSF patients (average age: 42.8 \u00b1 13.5 years) and 48 healthy controls (average age: 42.9 \u00b1 12.0 years) using the pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) technique on a whole-body clinical 3T MRI scanner. Besides routine clinical MRI, the protocol included a session of over 8 min-long rCBF measurement. The differences in the rCBF between the ME\/CSF patients and healthy controls were statistically assessed with voxel-wise and AAL ROI-based two-sample t-tests. Linear regression analysis was also performed on the rCBF data by using the symptom severity score as the main regressor. In comparison with the healthy controls, the patient group showed significant hypoperfusion (uncorrected voxel wise p \u2264 0.001, FWE p \u2264 0.01) in several brain regions of the limbic system, including the anterior cingulate cortex, putamen, pallidum, and anterior ventral insular area. For the ME\/CFS patients, the overall symptom severity score at rest was significantly associated with a reduced rCBF in the anterior cingulate cortex. The results of this study show that brain blood flow abnormalities in the limbic system may contribute to ME\/CFS pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography7040056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T22:14:52Z","timestamp":1635891292000},"page":"675-687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Limbic Perfusion Is Reduced in Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis\/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME\/CFS)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Xia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Julin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4866-5904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tie-Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, China"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, C2-76, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68073-2","article-title":"Chronic Fatigue Syndrome","volume":"367","author":"Prins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050902748356","article-title":"Prevalence and Structure of Symptoms at 3 Months after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in a National Cohort","volume":"23","author":"Lannsjo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0156-5","article-title":"Recovery from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Focus on Fatigue","volume":"253","author":"Stulemeijer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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