{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T18:46:08Z","timestamp":1764873968643,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tomography"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to investigate clinical and ultrasound signs of shoulder overuse injuries in professional bullfighters; side-to-side differences (dominant vs. non-dominant); and to determine potential differences according to bullfighters\u2019 categories. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted. Thirty professional and active bullfighters were assessed. A bilateral ultrasound assessment of the subacromial bursa, long biceps head tendon (LHBT), and rotator cuff was performed to determine the presence of bursitis, subluxation, partial or total tendon rupture, tenosynovitis, or calcification. Supraspinatus tendon thickness was measured. Finally, a battery of clinical orthopedic tests (Yergason, Jobe, infraspinatus, Gerber, and bursa tests) were also performed. Most identified ultrasound findings were located in the dominant side, being the presence of bursitis (n = 9; 30%), LHBT tenosynovitis (n = 8; 26.7%), and subscapularis tendon calcification (n = 5; 16.7%) the most prevalent. No side-to-side or between-categories differences were found for supraspinatus tendon thickness (all, p &gt; 0.05). The most frequent positive signs were the infraspinatus test (40.0%), Gerber lift-off test (33.3%), and bursitis, Jobe, and Yergason tests (all, 26.7%). Ultrasound signs were commonly found at LHBT, subacromial bursa, and rotator cuff in professional bullfighters without difference between categories and sides. No side-to-side or between-categories differences were found. Positive clinical test signs suggestive of bursitis, LHBT, and rotator cuff tendinopathy were frequently observed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography8040145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T23:38:55Z","timestamp":1656977935000},"page":"1726-1734","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Prevalence of Shoulder Disorders among Professional Bullfighters: A Cross-Sectional Ultrasonography Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Navas-Mosqueda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3379-8392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Antonio","family":"Valera-Calero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"VALTRADOFI Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umut","family":"Varol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VALTRADOFI Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8182-2975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Klich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Science, Wroc\u0142aw University of Health and Sport Science, 51-612 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos Jos\u00e9","family":"Navarro-Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de \u00c1vila (UCAV), 05005 \u00c1vila, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3772-9690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-de-las-Pe\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"C\u00e1tedra Institucional en Docencia, Cl\u00ednica e Investigaci\u00f3n en Fisioterapia: Terapia Manual, Punci\u00f3n Seca y Ejercicio Terap\u00e9utico, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9110-139X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"R\u00edos-Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Bel\u00f3n-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Real Madrid C.F., 28055 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Cimadevilla-Fern\u00e1ndez-Pola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3234-0993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Herv\u00e1s-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela University, Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, 28692 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8548-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Arias-Bur\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"C\u00e1tedra Institucional en Docencia, Cl\u00ednica e Investigaci\u00f3n en Fisioterapia: Terapia Manual, Punci\u00f3n Seca y Ejercicio Terap\u00e9utico, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorc\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Divisi\u00f3n de Estad\u00edstica y Estudios, Secretar\u00eda General T\u00e9cnica Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte (2020). 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