{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T23:47:08Z","timestamp":1788565628082,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tomography"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Peritumoral brain edema (PBE) is common in intracranial meningiomas (IM) and can increase their morbidity. It is not uncommon for a neurosurgeon to confront meningiomas with a large proportion of PBE independently from the site and size of the contrast-enhancing lesion with increased surgical risks. We performed a retrospective review of 216 surgically-treated patients suffering from IM. We recorded clinical, biological, and radiological data based on the rate of tumor and edema volume and divided the patients into a group with high Edema\/Tumor ratio and a group with a low ratio. We investigated how the ratio of edema\/lesion may affect the outcome. Multivariate analysis was performed for the two groups. Smokers were found to be more likely to belong to the high-rate group. The edema\/tumor ratio did not affect the surgical radicality; however, independently of the biological sub-type, WHO grading, and EOR, a higher frequency of recurrence is shown in patients with a high edema\/tumor ratio (70.5% vs. 8.4%. p &lt; 0.01). There is evidence to suggest that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage from smoke could play a role in an increased volume of PBE. The present study demonstrates that IMs showing a high PBE ratio to tumor volume at diagnosis are associated with a smoking habit and a higher incidence of recurrence independently of their biological type and grading.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography8040166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T09:47:06Z","timestamp":1660124826000},"page":"1987-1996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Peritumoral Brain Edema in Relation to Tumor Size Is a Variable That Influences the Risk of Recurrence in Intracranial Meningiomas"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Frati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS \u201cNeuromed\u201d Pozzilli, 86170 Isernia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Armocida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS \u201cNeuromed\u201d Pozzilli, 86170 Isernia, Italy"},{"name":"Human Neurosciences Department, Neurosurgery Division, \u201cSapienza\u201d University, 00135 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto Aldo","family":"Arcidiacono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Neurosciences Department, Neurosurgery Division, \u201cSapienza\u201d University, 00135 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Pesce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Division, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Via Guido Reni, 04100 Latina, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"D\u2019Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department of Fabrizio Spaziani Hospital, 03100 Frosinone, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Cofano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurosurgery, AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2692-7133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Garbossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurosurgery, AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy"},{"name":"Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Neurosciences Department, Neurosurgery Division, \u201cSapienza\u201d University, 00135 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.85.6.1095","article-title":"Correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor messenger RNA expression with peritumoral vasogenic cerebral edema in meningiomas","volume":"85","author":"Kalkanis","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. 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