{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:25:07Z","timestamp":1787505907957,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tomography"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Imaging of the temporal bone and middle ear is challenging for radiologists due to the abundance of distinct anatomical structures and the plethora of possible pathologies. The basis for a precise diagnosis is knowledge of the underlying anatomy as well as the clinical presentation and the individual patient\u2019s otological status. In this article, we aimed to summarize the most common inflammatory lesions of the temporal bone and middle ear, describe their specific imaging characteristics, and highlight their differential diagnoses. First, we introduce anatomical and imaging fundamentals. Additionally, a point-to-point comparison of the radiological and histological features of the wide spectrum of inflammatory diseases of the temporal bone and middle ear in context with a review of the current literature and current trends is given.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography9060170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T05:47:30Z","timestamp":1702014450000},"page":"2190-2210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Imaging of Pathologies of the Temporal Bone and Middle Ear: Inflammatory Diseases, Their Mimics and Potential Complications\u2014Pictorial Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Christopher","family":"Kloth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Radiology and Radiation Therapy Lindau, Friedrichshafener Str. 83, 88131 Lindau (Lake Constance), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8120-2223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nico","family":"Sollmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany"},{"name":"TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7523-1979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meinrad","family":"Beer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Horger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang Maximilian","family":"Thaiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13120733","article-title":"Imaging Review of the Temporal Bone: Part I. 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