{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:59:46Z","timestamp":1791950386287,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to develop and to validate a toxicological untargeted screening relying on LC-HRMS in meconium including the detection of the four main classes of drugs of abuse (DoA; amphetamines, cannabinoids, opioids and cocaine). The method was then applied to 29 real samples. Analyses were performed with a liquid chromatography system coupled to a benchtop Orbitrap operating in a data-dependent analysis. The sample amount was 300 mg of meconium extracted twice by solid phase extraction following two distinct procedures. Raw data were processed using the Compound Discoverer 3.2 software (Thermo). The method was evaluated and validated on 15 compounds (6-MAM, morphine, buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, methadone, EDDP, amphetamine, MDA, MDMA, methamphetamine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, THC, 11-OH-THC, THC-COOH). Limits of detection were between 0.5 and 5 pg\/mg and limits of identification between 5 and 50 pg\/mg. Mean matrix effect was between \u221279 and \u221219% (n = 6) and mean overall recovery between 18 and 73% (n = 6) at 100 pg\/mg. The application allows the detection of 88 substances, including 47 pharmaceuticals and 15 pharmaceutical metabolites, cocaine and its metabolites, THC and its metabolites, and natural (morphine, codeine) and synthetic (methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, norfentanyl) opioids. This method is now used routinely for toxicological screening in high-risk pregnancies<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10020055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T03:33:32Z","timestamp":1643168012000},"page":"55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Determination of Prenatal Substance Exposure Using Meconium and Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Atakan","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology, La Timone University Hospital, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Lacroze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatalogy, La Conception University Hospital, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Doudka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, La Timone University Hospital, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Becam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology, La Timone University Hospital, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Pourriere-Fabiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology, La Timone University Hospital, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Lacarelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology, La Timone University Hospital, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Solas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology, La Timone University Hospital, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Emerging Viruses Unit (UVE), IRD 190, INSERM 1207, Aix-Marseille University, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Fabresse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Toxicology, La Timone University Hospital, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Economic and Social Sciences of Health and Medical Information Processing, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Aix-Marseille University, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2021, October 13). 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