{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:04:12Z","timestamp":1791921852754,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20210204024YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210204024YY"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20200201396JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200201396JC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020SCZT102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020SCZT102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"2020 Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department Fund","award":["20210204024YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210204024YY"]}]},{"name":"2020 Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department Fund","award":["20200201396JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200201396JC"]}]},{"name":"2020 Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department Fund","award":["2020SCZT102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020SCZT102"]}]},{"name":"2020 Jilin Provincial Health Special Project","award":["20210204024YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210204024YY"]}]},{"name":"2020 Jilin Provincial Health Special Project","award":["20200201396JC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20200201396JC"]}]},{"name":"2020 Jilin Provincial Health Special Project","award":["2020SCZT102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020SCZT102"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a typical persistent organic pollutant and environmental endocrine disruptor that has been shown to be associated with the development of many diseases; it poses a considerable threat to the ecological environment and to human health. PFOS is known to cause damage to renal cells; however, studies of PFOS-induced ferroptosis in cells have not been reported. We used the CCK-8 method to detect cell viability, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence methods to detect ROS levels and Western blot to detect ferroptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, antioxidant and apoptosis-related proteins. In our study, we found that PFOS could induce the onset of ferroptosis in HK-2 cells with decreased GPx4 expression and elevated ACSL4 and FTH1 expression, which are hallmarks for the development of ferroptosis. In addition, PFOS-induced ferroptosis in HK-2 cells could be reversed by Fer-1. We also found that endoplasmic reticulum stress and its mediated apoptotic mechanism and P53-mediated antioxidant mechanism are involved in the toxic damage of cells by PFOS. In this paper, we demonstrated for the first time that PFOS can induce ferroptosis in HK-2 cells. In addition, we preliminarily explored other mechanisms of cytotoxic damage by PFOS, which provides a new idea to study the toxicity of PFOS as well as the damage to the kidney and its mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10080436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T23:49:27Z","timestamp":1659397767000},"page":"436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Role of Ferroptosis in the Damage of Human Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells Caused by Perfluorooctane Sulfonate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Pingwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongge","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqi","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajing","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1212-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuping","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8243-191X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.153669","article-title":"Emerging technologies for PFOS\/PFOA degradation and removal: A review","volume":"827","author":"Leung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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