{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:34:37Z","timestamp":1790159677473,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["42130705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42130705"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2019YFA0607301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0607301"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022M720700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M720700"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2412023QD027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2412023QD027"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["42130705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42130705"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2019YFA0607301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0607301"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2022M720700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M720700"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2412023QD027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2412023QD027"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["42130705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42130705"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2019YFA0607301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0607301"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2022M720700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M720700"]}]},{"name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","award":["2412023QD027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2412023QD027"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["42130705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42130705"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2019YFA0607301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFA0607301"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2022M720700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M720700"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2412023QD027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2412023QD027"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence of antiviral drugs (ATVs) has seen a substantial increase in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to heightened concentrations of these pharmaceuticals in wastewater systems. The hydrophilic nature of ATVs has been identified as a significant factor contributing to the low degradation efficiency observed in wastewater treatment plants. This characteristic often necessitates the implementation of additional treatment steps to achieve the complete degradation of ATVs. Semiconductor-based photocatalysis has garnered considerable attention due to its promising potential in achieving efficient degradation rates and subsequent mineralization of pollutants, leveraging the inexhaustible energy of sunlight. However, in recent years, there have been few comprehensive reports that have thoroughly summarized and analyzed the application of photocatalysis for the removal of ATVs. This review commences by summarizing the types and occurrence of ATVs. Furthermore, it places a significant emphasis on delivering a comprehensive summary and analysis of the characteristics pertaining to the photocatalytic elimination of ATVs, utilizing semiconductor photocatalysts such as metal oxides, doped metal oxides, and heterojunctions. Ultimately, the review sheds light on the identified research gaps and key concerns, offering invaluable insights to steer future investigations in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11080692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T12:10:23Z","timestamp":1691755823000},"page":"692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Recent Developments in Semiconductor-Based Photocatalytic Degradation of Antiviral Drug Pollutants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9124-4363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaocheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security of Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4246-8288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongyang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiao","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00558-3","article-title":"Natural killer cells in antiviral immunity","volume":"22","author":"Bjorkstrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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