{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T17:50:06Z","timestamp":1785865806690,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Emerging evidence has indicated the involvement of extrahypothalamic Kisspeptin and GnRHR in reproductive function. In this study, we evaluate if maternal exposure to the pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) and\/or a high-fat diet (HFD) has an impact on the expression of Kisspeptin and GnRHR in the reproductive organs of rats\u2019 offspring. A total of 16 pregnant rats are divided into four groups: a control group (n = 4), CPF group (4 rats exposed daily to 1\/mg\/kg\/day), HFD group (4 rats randomly fed a 5.25 kcal\/g HFD), and coexposed group (4 rats exposed to CPF and HDF). At postnatal development postnatal day (PND) 60, male and female offspring were sacrificed. The reproductive organs (ovary and testis) were removed, and histological and immunohistological analysis and in silico quantification (TissueGnostics software 6.0.1.102, TissueFAXS, HistoQuest) were applied to investigate the impact of different treatments on Kisspeptin and GnRHR expression in reproductive organs. The main outcomes of the study showed a significant decrease in rat offspring\u2019s body weight in the CPF group from PND30 and PND60 (p &lt; 0.05 and p &lt; 0.01, respectively). Histological analysis showed a significant increase in the atretic follicle and abnormal testis structure with germ cell desquamation in the CPF-exposed group. The immunodetection quantification of protein shows a significant decrease in GnRHR and Kisspeptin in the HFD and CPF exposed groups, respectively, in testis rat offspring. Perinatal exposure to CPF and HFD exposure affect the reproduction function of rat offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11090789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T02:47:52Z","timestamp":1695091672000},"page":"789","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impact of Perinatal Coexposure to Chlorpyrifos and a High-Fat Diet on Kisspeptin and GnRHR Presence and Reproductive Organs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Marwa","family":"Lahimer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV\/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens, France"},{"name":"ART and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CHU Sud, 80025 Amiens, France"},{"name":"Exercise Physiology and Physiopathology: From Integrated to Molecular \u201cBiology, Medicine and 9 Health\u201d (Code: LR19ES09), Sousse 4002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narimane","family":"Djekkoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV\/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophian","family":"Tricotteaux-Zarqaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV\/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5807-2387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Corona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV\/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Lafosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MP3CV\u2014UPJV\u2014UR 7517, Jules Verne University of Picardie, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habib Ben","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Histology Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse 4000, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mounir","family":"Ajina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Physiology and Physiopathology: From Integrated to Molecular \u201cBiology, Medicine and 9 Health\u201d (Code: LR19ES09), Sousse 4002, Tunisia"},{"name":"Service of Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse 4000, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Bach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV\/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moncef","family":"Benkhalifa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV\/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens, France"},{"name":"ART and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, University Hospital and School of Medicine, CHU Sud, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hafida","family":"Khorsi-Cauet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PERITOX-(UMR-I 01), UPJV\/INERIS, UPJV, CURS, Chemin du Thil, 80025 Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmp048","article-title":"World Health Organization reference values for human semen characteristics","volume":"16","author":"Cooper","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. 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