{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:59:55Z","timestamp":1787662795907,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACyT M\u00e9xico)","award":["177047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["177047"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACyT M\u00e9xico)","award":["REC\/CINV\/335\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REC\/CINV\/335\/2022"]}]},{"name":"fondo fortalecimiento UdeG","award":["177047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["177047"]}]},{"name":"fondo fortalecimiento UdeG","award":["REC\/CINV\/335\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["REC\/CINV\/335\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inducing carotid body anoxia through the administration of cyanide can result in oxygen deprivation. The lack of oxygen activates cellular responses in specific regions of the central nervous system, including the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala, which are regulated by afferent pathways from chemosensitive receptors. These receptors are modulated by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor TrkB. Oxygen deprivation can cause neuroinflammation in the brain regions that are activated by the afferent pathways from the chemosensitive carotid body. To investigate how microglia, a type of immune cell in the brain, respond to an anoxic environment resulting from the administration of NaCN, we studied the effects of blocking the TrkB receptor on this cell-type response. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized, and a dose of NaCN was injected into their carotid sinus to induce anoxia. Prior to the anoxic stimulus, the rats were given an intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of either K252a, a TrkB receptor inhibitor, BDNF, or an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). After the anoxic stimulus, the rats were perfused with paraformaldehyde, and their brains were processed for microglia immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that the anoxic stimulation caused an increase in the number of reactive microglial cells in the hypothalamic arcuate, basolateral amygdala, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. However, the infusion of the K252a TrkB receptor inhibitor prevented microglial activation in these regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11100871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T07:25:22Z","timestamp":1697786722000},"page":"871","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["K252a Prevents Microglial Activation Induced by Anoxic Stimulation of Carotid Bodies in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Cu\u00e9llar-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscop\u00eda de Alta Resoluci\u00f3n, Depto, de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3902-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Jauregui-Huerta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscop\u00eda de Alta Resoluci\u00f3n, Depto, de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaveth","family":"Ruvalcaba-Delgadillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscop\u00eda de Alta Resoluci\u00f3n, Depto, de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9536-3020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Lemus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Roces de \u00c1lvarez-Buylla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Garc\u00eda-Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisi\u00f3n de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Luqu\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscop\u00eda de Alta Resoluci\u00f3n, Depto, de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3079","DOI":"10.1113\/JP274354","article-title":"Role of the carotid body chemoreceptors in glucose homeostasis and thermoregulation in humans","volume":"596","author":"Joyner","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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