{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T16:51:32Z","timestamp":1778431892015,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,3]],"date-time":"2023-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tibet Autonomous Region Science and Technology Project","award":["XZ202101ZD0002N-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ202101ZD0002N-04"]}]},{"name":"Tibet Autonomous Region Science and Technology Project","award":["XDA28080400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA28080400"]}]},{"name":"Tibet Autonomous Region Science and Technology Project","award":["CARS-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-37"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XZ202101ZD0002N-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ202101ZD0002N-04"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDA28080400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA28080400"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["CARS-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-37"]}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA","award":["XZ202101ZD0002N-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ202101ZD0002N-04"]}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA","award":["XDA28080400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDA28080400"]}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA","award":["CARS-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-37"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To investigate the role of miR-212-5p-targeted ARAF during the apoptosis of rat alveolar macrophages induced by cowshed PM2.5. Methods: miRNA and related target genes and pathways were predicted using the KEGG, TargetScan, and other prediction websites. NR8383 macrophages were treated with cowshed PM2.5 to establish an in vitro lung injury model in rats; meanwhile, for the assessment of cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular calcium ions, and mitochondrial membrane potential in NR8383 cells, RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-212-5p and the target gene ARAF. Results: The bioinformatic analyses showed that miR-212-5p and ARAF were involved in PM2.5-associated cellular damage. Exposure to different concentrations (0 \u03bcg\/mL, 60 \u03bcg\/mL, 180 \u03bcg\/mL, 300 \u03bcg\/mL) with different durations (0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h) of cowshed PM2.5 resulted in apoptosis, increased intracellular calcium ions, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. The miR-212-5p mimic group showed an up-regulation of Bax and cleaved Caspase 3 expression but decreased Bcl2 expression compared to the NC group, and overexpression of ARAF up-regulated the expression of p-MEK1\/2 and p-ERK1\/2 and simultaneously reversed the above phenomena. Conclusions: miR-212-5p targets ARAF to affect the cowshed PM2.5-induced apoptosis through the MEK\/ERK signaling pathway, providing a potential target for relevant farming industry and pathology studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11120981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,3]],"date-time":"2023-12-03T04:59:16Z","timestamp":1701579556000},"page":"981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["MicroRNA miR-212-5p Regulates the MEK\/ERK Signaling Pathway by Targeting A-Raf proto-oncogene serine\/threonine-protein kinase (ARAF) to Regulate Cowshed PM2.5-Induced NR8383 Apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ke","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"},{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yize","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunna","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinran","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanbin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5701-6685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunhang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wangdui","family":"Basang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111414","article-title":"Mir-140-5p\/tlr4 \/nf-kappa b signaling pathway: Crucial role in inflammatory response in 16hbe cells induced by dust fall pm2.5","volume":"208","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. 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