{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T22:00:29Z","timestamp":1788818429825,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Social Developmental Project of Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau","award":["CE20215037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE20215037"]}]},{"name":"Social Developmental Project of Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau","award":["2022CZLJ088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CZLJ088"]}]},{"name":"Top Talent of Changzhou \u201cThe 14th FiveYear Plan\u201d High-Level Health Talents Training Project","award":["CE20215037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE20215037"]}]},{"name":"Top Talent of Changzhou \u201cThe 14th FiveYear Plan\u201d High-Level Health Talents Training Project","award":["2022CZLJ088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CZLJ088"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The escalating utilization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in everyday products has sparked concerns regarding their potential hazards to pregnant females and their offspring. To address these concerns and shed light on their undetermined adverse effects and mechanisms, we established a pregnant rat model to investigate the impacts of TiO2 NPs on both maternal and offspring health and to explore the underlying mechanisms of those impacts. Pregnant rats were orally administered TiO2 NPs at a dose of 5 mg\/kg body weight per day from GD5 to GD18 during pregnancy. Maternal body weight, organ weight, and birth outcomes were monitored and recorded. Maternal pathological changes were examined by HE staining and TEM observation. Maternal blood pressure was assessed using a non-invasive blood analyzer, and the urinary protein level was determined using spot urine samples. Our findings revealed that TiO2 NPs triggered various pathological alterations in maternal liver, kidney, and spleen, and induced maternal preeclampsia-like syndrome, as well as leading to growth restriction in the offspring. Further examination unveiled that TiO2 NPs hindered trophoblastic cell invasion into the endometrium via the promotion of autophagy. Consistent hypertension and proteinuria resulted from the destroyed the kidney GBM. In total, an exposure to TiO2 NPs during pregnancy might increase the risk of human preeclampsia through increased maternal arterial pressure and urinary albumin levels, as well as causing fetal growth restriction in the offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics12050367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T06:44:31Z","timestamp":1715841871000},"page":"367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Induce Maternal Preeclampsia-like Syndrome and Adverse Birth Outcomes via Disrupting Placental Function in SD Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Haixin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huai\u2019an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai\u2019an 223001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiting","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingping","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhilei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"118","article-title":"Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Exposure on Human Health\u2014A Review","volume":"193","author":"Szwajgier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. 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