{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T01:04:42Z","timestamp":1793149482338,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3702604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3702604"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Increasing studies are indicating a potential association between ambient air pollution exposure and fasting blood glucose (FBG), an indicator of prediabetes and diabetes. However, there is inconsistency within the existing literature. The aim of this study was to summarize the associations of exposures to particulate matters (PMs) (with aerodynamic diameters of \u22641 \u03bcm (PM1), \u22642.5 \u03bcm (PM2.5), and \u226410 \u03bcm (PM10), respectively) and gaseous pollutants (sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3)) with FBG based on the existing epidemiological research for a better understanding of the relationship between air pollution and diabetes. Up to 2 July 2024, we performed a comprehensive literature retrieval from various electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase). Random-effect and fixed-effect models were utilized to estimate the pooled percent changes (%) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Then, subgroup meta-analyses and meta-regression analyses were applied to recognize the sources of heterogeneity. There were 33 studies eligible for the meta-analysis. The results showed that for each 10 \u03bcg\/m3 increase in long-term exposures to PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and SO2, the pooled percent changes in FBG were 2.24% (95% CI: 0.54%, 3.96%), 1.72% (95% CI: 0.93%, 2.25%), 1.19% (95% CI: 0.41%, 1.97%), and 0.52% (95% CI:0.40%, 0.63%), respectively. Long-term exposures to ambient NO2 and O3 were not related to alterations in FBG. In conclusion, our findings support that long-term exposures to PMs of various aerodynamic diameters and SO2 are associated with significantly elevated FBG levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics12110792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T13:09:27Z","timestamp":1730466567000},"page":"792","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Fasting Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7999-9416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control), Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi\u2019an 710061, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100871, 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