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Our previous investigations have demonstrated that chronic exposure to sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) can induce thyroid damage and dysfunction in Sprague\u2013Dawley (SD) rats. Vitamin D (VD) is an indispensable fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in maintaining thyroid health. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated the association between VD deficiency and the development of various thyroid disorders. However, the precise intervention roles and mechanisms of VD in arsenic-induced thyroid injury remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the intervention effect of VD on NaAsO2-induced thyroid dysfunction in SD rats. The results demonstrated that exposure to NaAsO2 activates the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway in thyroid tissue of rats, leading to apoptosis of thyroid cells and subsequent inflammatory damage and disruption of serum thyroid hormone secretion. Supplementation with TAK-242 (a TLR4 inhibitor) and VD effectively inhibits the activation of the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway in rat thyroid tissue exposed to NaAsO2, thereby reducing the inflammatory damage and dysfunction caused by arsenic exposure. In conclusion, the findings of this study offer innovative insights into the application of VD in the prevention and treatment of thyroid dysfunction caused by arsenic exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics12120887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T06:25:16Z","timestamp":1733466316000},"page":"887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Active Vitamin D Ameliorates Arsenite-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction in Sprague\u2013Dawley Rats by Inhibiting the Toll-like Receptor 4\/NF-KappaB-Mediated Inflammatory Response"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meitong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dapeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1139\/w11-062","article-title":"Role of Arsenic and Its Resistance in Nature","volume":"57","author":"Kaur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can. 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