{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:45:51Z","timestamp":1790729151895,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of Ireland","award":["2022-HE-1122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-HE-1122"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a critical scientific tool for assessing human exposure by quantifying chemicals and their metabolites in biological specimens such as blood and urine. This approach provides a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of internal exposures from diverse sources and exposure routes. In Ireland, establishing a national HBM programme requires a systematic chemical prioritisation process that aligns global frameworks with local public perceptions. This study integrates insights from international initiatives such as the European Joint Programme Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) and the Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC)\u2014along with HBM programmes from EU countries (Germany, France, Belgium, Norway, Slovenia, Czech Republic, and Sweden) and non-EU countries (US, Canada, South Korea, China, and New Zealand). In addition, a national survey was conducted to capture the perceptions of people in Ireland regarding chemicals of concern to develop a comprehensive priority list of chemicals and biomarkers. The broader chemical groups identified include heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, and chromium VI), plasticisers (phthalates), bisphenols, pesticides, flame retardants, PFASs (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), POPs (persistent organic compounds), VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and UV (ultraviolet) filters. This integrated, participatory approach provides a roadmap for a robust, adaptable chemical list that supports evidence-based policy decisions in HBM in Ireland and enhances public health outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics13040281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T20:43:17Z","timestamp":1745440997000},"page":"281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Chemical Prioritisation for Human Biomonitoring in Ireland: A Synergy of Global Frameworks and Local Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Richa","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Centre for Safety & Health at Work, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8328-2837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger Martin","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), B\u00fcrkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8644-7564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marike","family":"Kolossa-Gehring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt), 06844 Dessau-Ro\u00dflau, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3189-7426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison","family":"Connolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD Centre for Safety & Health at Work, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2015-206268","article-title":"The risk of chemical cocktail effects and how to deal with the issue","volume":"70","author":"Svingen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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