{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T04:00:21Z","timestamp":1779940821174,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Demonstration and Commercialization of an Air Quality Improvement Device for Improving Indoor Air Quality and Reducing Infectious Pollutants in Overseas Railroad Cars","award":["MT255308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MT255308"]}]},{"name":"Demonstration and Commercialization of an Air Quality Improvement Device for Improving Indoor Air Quality and Reducing Infectious Pollutants in Overseas Railroad Cars","award":["ME255501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ME255501"]}]},{"name":"Demonstration and Commercialization of an Air Quality Improvement Device for Improving Indoor Air Quality and Reducing Infectious Pollutants in Overseas Railroad Cars","award":["PK2504B1Y"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PK2504B1Y"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Environment","award":["MT255308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MT255308"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Environment","award":["ME255501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ME255501"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Environment","award":["PK2504B1Y"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PK2504B1Y"]}]},{"name":"establishment of a railway environment data platform and standardization model based on digital twin and GIS","award":["MT255308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MT255308"]}]},{"name":"establishment of a railway environment data platform and standardization model based on digital twin and GIS","award":["ME255501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ME255501"]}]},{"name":"establishment of a railway environment data platform and standardization model based on digital twin and GIS","award":["PK2504B1Y"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PK2504B1Y"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rapid industrialization and urbanization have progressed in Korea, yet public attention to hazardous pollutants emitted from industrial complexes remains limited. With the increasing coexistence of industrial and residential areas, there is a growing need for real-time monitoring and management plans that account for the rapid dispersion of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). In this study, we conducted spatiotemporal data collection and analysis for the first time in Korea using real-time measurements obtained through mobile extractive differential optical absorption spectroscopy (Me-DOAS) mounted on a solar occultation flux (SOF) vehicle. The measurements were conducted in the Saha Sinpyeong\u2013Janglim Industrial Complex in Busan, which comprises the Sasang Industrial Complex and the Sinpyeong\u2013Janglim Industrial Complex. BTEX compounds were selected as target volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and real-time measurements of both BTEX and fine particulate matter (PM) were conducted simultaneously. Correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between PM10 and PM2.5 (r = 0.848\u20130.894), indicating shared sources. In Sasang, BTEX levels were associated with traffic and localized facilities, while in Saha Sinpyeong\u2013Janglim, the concentrations were more influenced by industrial zoning and wind patterns. Notably, inter-compound correlations such as benzene\u2013m-xylene and p-xylene\u2013toluene suggested possible co-emission sources. This study proposes a GIS-based, three-dimensional air quality management approach that integrates variables such as traffic volume, wind direction, and speed through real-time measurements. The findings are expected to inform effective pollution control strategies and future environmental management plans for industrial complexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics13080638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T12:39:29Z","timestamp":1753792769000},"page":"638","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spatiotemporal Analysis of BTEX and PM Using Me-DOAS and GIS in Busan\u2019s Industrial Complexes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3156-6114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Kyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Strategy Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI), Cheoldo Bangmulgwanro, Uiwang-si 16105, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaeseok","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transportation Environmental Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI), Cheoldo Bangmulgwanro, Uiwang-si 16105, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joonsig","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakdong River Basin Environment Office, Changwon-si 51439, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Keun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakdong River Basin Environment Office, Changwon-si 51439, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonghee","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakdong River Basin Environment Office, Changwon-si 51439, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5871-2049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duckshin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transportation Environmental Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI), Cheoldo Bangmulgwanro, Uiwang-si 16105, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2025, April 03). 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Available online: https:\/\/research.chalmers.se\/publication\/540618\/file\/540618_Fulltext.pdf."}],"container-title":["Toxics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2305-6304\/13\/8\/638\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:18:05Z","timestamp":1760033885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2305-6304\/13\/8\/638"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["toxics13080638"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxics13080638","relation":{},"ISSN":["2305-6304"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2305-6304","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]}}}