{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T09:04:29Z","timestamp":1784538269279,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004763","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024LHMS03012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024LHMS03012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004763","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023MS03040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023MS03040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004763","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region","award":["NJYT24052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NJYT24052"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology","award":["2023RCTD024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023RCTD024"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology","award":["2023YXXS028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YXXS028"]}]},{"name":"2025 Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics Project","award":["2025KYPT0135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025KYPT0135"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of scandium on skeletal muscle cells remain poorly understood. This study aims to determine whether scandium chloride (ScCl3) affects C2C12 myoblast proliferation, and the cellular responses were assessed using CCK-8, flow cytometry, RNA-seq, and bioinformatic analyses after treatment with 0.01 mM and 1 mM ScCl3. We verified that 1 mM ScCl3 significantly promoted cell proliferation by inducing the G1\/S phase transition, while the low concentration had no significant effect. However, GO enrichment analysis failed to capture proliferation-related terms among the top 20 ranked terms. To address this, we grouped genes based on their expression patterns and combined transcription factor activity inference with Hallmark pathway enrichment. This strategy identified distinct functional modules responsive to scandium, involving mitosis, myogenesis, and metabolism, with key regulators including Foxo1, Rela, and myogenic transcription factors. Collectively, our findings suggest that scandium may exert regulatory effects on myoblast proliferation and modulate genes involved in differentiation and metabolism by coordinating multiple functional modules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics14070623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:12:38Z","timestamp":1784257958000},"page":"623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transcriptomic Analysis of Pleiotropic Effects of Scandium Chloride on C2C12 Myoblasts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingnan","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiankai","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2607-3692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Libing","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6698-7675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5783-1284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5451-5550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuncheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Life Health and Bioinformatics, School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2017.09.011","article-title":"Toxicological effects and ultrastructural changes induced by lanthanum and cerium in ovary and uterus of Wistar rats","volume":"44","author":"Badri","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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