{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T12:36:23Z","timestamp":1786624583976,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Secretar\u00eda de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n Secihti","award":["CVU 259127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVU 259127"]}]},{"award":["CVU 259127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CVU 259127"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/059ex5q34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>While mining provides critical raw materials for modern infrastructure and the energy transition, it leaves behind severe environmental damages, such as soil mercury (Hg) contamination. In the present study, we present the first study evaluating the relationship of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus arhizus with Trifolium repens (white clover) as a novel nature-based mycoremediation strategy for mercury-stressed soils. Through a controlled 2 \u00d7 2 factorial experiment over six months, we demonstrate that P. arhizus significantly enhances both plant biomass and heavy-metal tolerance. Inoculation achieved a 9.53% reduction in soil Hg and drove a dramatic 53% increase in stem growth under Hg stress (compared to 36% in non-contaminated conditions) once the extraradicular mycelial network was established. Furthermore, we report novel soil-chemistry dynamics under Hg stress, including a 16% shift in electrical conductivity alongside unexpected increases in the available potassium (+9%) and phosphorus (+3%). These findings present first results for a novel approach of mycoremediation by incorporating P. arhizus into T. repens co-cultivation as a viable remediation strategy, prior to field-scale remediation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics14080716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T11:33:46Z","timestamp":1786620826000},"page":"716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pisolithus arhizus Inoculation Enhances Mercury Tolerance and Growth of Trifolium repens in Mining Soils"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1236-3172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"L\u00f3pez Velarde Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1432-7657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian Ferrucio","family":"Garc\u00eda-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4532-9665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alberto","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix Leao","family":"Rodr\u00edguez Fierros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Av. de las Ciencias S\/N, Delegaci\u00f3n Juriquilla, Quer\u00e9taro 76230, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesenia","family":"Mendoza-Burguete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7117-6781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Campos-Guill\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7105-5039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"Ramos-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5407-4158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Av. Panamericana 180 int. 100, Centro 7670 Pedro Escobedo, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Carolina","family":"Espinosa Arzate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9814-662X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa","family":"Ram\u00edrez Granados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Cerro de las Campanas S\/N, Las Campanas, Quer\u00e9taro 76010, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6842-2360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Chaparro Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Inform\u00e1tica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Av. de las Ciencias S\/N, Delegaci\u00f3n Juriquilla, Quer\u00e9taro 76230, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.09.007","article-title":"Sources and remediation techniques for mercury contaminated soil","volume":"74","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. 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