{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:23:50Z","timestamp":1787660630011,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LMS26D010003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LMS26D010003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["LMS26D010003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LMS26D010003"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04aqat463","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Agriculture and Rural Department of Zhejiang Province","award":["2020SNLF004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020SNLF004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a common soil amendment to alleviate cadmium (Cd) transformation and accumulation in brown rice, and tetraconazole is a widely used chiral pesticide to control rice sheath blight. This study investigated the effects of soil amendment CaCO3 and chiral pesticide tetraconazole on pesticide residues, Cd accumulation, and soil microorganisms in two rice cultivars (ZG 96 with low Cd accumulation and ZY 18 with high Cd accumulation) in Cd-contaminated paddy fields. Results showed that CaCO3 significantly reduced Cd concentrations in brown rice by 60.0\u201382.9%. It altered tetraconazole degradation half-lives in rice plants, increased residues in ZG 96 rice husk, and decreased enantioselectivity in soil. Tetraconazole residues in brown rice were lower in ZY 18 than in ZG 96. Both CaCO3 and tetraconazole reshaped soil microbial diversity, community structure, and metabolic functions, with distinct responses between the two rice cultivars. All residues of tetraconazole and Cd in brown rice were below maximum residue limits. The rice cultivar differences should be considered under the application of amendments and chiral pesticides, and this study would provide valuable data and theoretical basis for their combined treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics14090747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:27:19Z","timestamp":1787657239000},"page":"747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Soil Amendment Calcium Carbonate and Chiral Pesticide Tetraconazole on the Residues of Pesticide and Cadmium in Rice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9965-8504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"De","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyang","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuezhu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanlin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peipei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinquan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products\/Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Desheng Middle Road 298, Hangzhou 310021, China"},{"name":"Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection, Hangzhou 310021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2023.113830","article-title":"Toxicity assessment of lead, nickel and cadmium on zebra fish augmented with Bacillus xiamenensis VITMSJ3: An insight on the defense mechanism against oxidative stress due to heavy metals","volume":"177","author":"Wagh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"4670","article-title":"Spatial-Temporal Trends and Polution Source Analysis for Heavy Metal Contamination of Cultivated Soils in five Major Grain Producing Regions of China","volume":"39","author":"Shang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1021\/es5047099","article-title":"Soil Contamination in China: Current Status and Mitigation Strategies","volume":"49","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1999-3110-54-45","article-title":"Structural and functional alterations in photosynthetic apparatus of plants under cadmium stress","volume":"54","author":"Parmar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bot. Stud."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2018.05.004","article-title":"Effects of biochar on availability and plant uptake of heavy metals\u2014A meta-analysis","volume":"222","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.109788","article-title":"The effect of sepiolite application on rice Cd uptake\u2014A two-year field study in Southern China","volume":"254","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.130963","article-title":"Prediction of cadmium bioavailability in the rice-soil system on a county scale based on the multi-surface speciation model","volume":"449","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146477","article-title":"Factors influencing the effectiveness of liming on cadmium reduction in rice: A meta-analysis and decision tree analysis","volume":"779","author":"Kong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"63","article-title":"Coupling effects of Fe(II) and CaCO3 application on cadmium uptake and accumulation in rice (Oryza saliva L.)","volume":"97","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(10)60529-3","article-title":"Source attributions of heavy metals in rice plant along highway in Eastern China","volume":"23","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2018.11.035","article-title":"Impact of fungicides mepanipyrim and tetraconazole on phenolic profile and colour of Menc\u00eda red wines","volume":"98","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.01.013","article-title":"Enantioselective effects of the chiral fungicide tetraconazole in wheat: Fungicidal activity and degradation behavior","volume":"247","author":"Tong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2020.107305","article-title":"Enantioselective behavior analysis of chiral fungicide tetraconazole in apples with UPLC-MS\/MS","volume":"116","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1002\/chir.22845","article-title":"Enantioselective behaviour of tetraconazole during strawberry wine-making process","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chirality"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170899","article-title":"Potential effects of individual and combined exposure to tetraconazole and cadmium on zebrafish from the perspective of enantioselectivity and intestinal microbiota","volume":"921","author":"Di","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"(2018). Guideline for the Testing of Pesticide Residues in Crops (Standard No. NY\/T 788-2018)."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2021.462589","article-title":"Integrated QuEChERS strategy for high-throughput multi-pesticide residues analysis of vegetables","volume":"1659","author":"Qi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Lu, R. (2000). Analysis Methods of Soil Agricultural Chemistry, China Agricultural Science and Technology Publishing House."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-2844-5","article-title":"Effect of tetraconazole application on the soil microbial community","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2011). Statement on tolerable weekly intake for cadmium. EFSA J., 9, 1975.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2011.1975"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"176","article-title":"Comparison of remediation effects of different passivators on cadmium-contaminated rice paddy","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Huazhong Agric. Univ."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.114244","article-title":"Selection of rice and maize varieties with low cadmium accumulation and derivation of soil environmental thresholds in karst","volume":"247","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2024.103649","article-title":"Effective remediation and phytotoxicity assessment of oxytetracycline and Cd co-contaminated soil using biochar","volume":"35","author":"Qin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"900","article-title":"Residues and degradation dynamics of tetraconazole in rice and environment","volume":"54","author":"Duan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Agrochemicals"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16081","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11819-4","article-title":"Influence of Cd on atrazine degradation and the formation of three primary metabolites in water under the combined pollution","volume":"28","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47099","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-13929-z","article-title":"Effects of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on enantioselective degradation behavior of \u03b1-cypermethrin in soils and their combined effect on activities of soil enzymes","volume":"28","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.115514","article-title":"Fertilization can modify the enantioselective persistence of penthiopyrad in relation to the co-influence on soil ecological health","volume":"224","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2023.109941","article-title":"Enantioselective behavior and bioactivity of chiral tebuconazole in apples","volume":"153","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131883","article-title":"Enantioselective monitoring chiral fungicide mefentrifluconazole in tomato, cucumber, pepper and its pickled products by supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"376","author":"An","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4960","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c07947","article-title":"Absolute Configuration, Enantioselective Bioactivity, and Degradation of the Novel Chiral Triazole Fungicide Mefentrifluconazole","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135701","article-title":"Enantioselectivity and mechanisms of chiral herbicide biodegradation in hydroponic systems","volume":"307","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2024.106018","article-title":"Comprehensive study of chiral herbicide flusulfinam uptake, translocation, degradation, and subcellular distribution in rice (Oryza sativa L.)","volume":"204","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18401","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c03876","article-title":"Insights into the Enantiomeric Uptake, Translocation, and Distribution of Triazole Chiral Pesticide Mefentrifluconazole in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"72","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112621","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the effects of liming on soil pH and cadmium accumulation in crops","volume":"223","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368588","DOI":"10.1080\/26395940.2024.2368588","article-title":"Influence of FeSO4, nano zero-valent iron, and their CaCO3 composites on the formation of iron plaque and cadmium translocation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)","volume":"36","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut. Bioavailab."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113186","article-title":"Effect of humic and calcareous substance amendments on the availability of cadmium in paddy soil and its accumulation in rice","volume":"231","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135379","article-title":"Effect of pesticides on nitrification activity and its interaction with chemical fertilizer and manure in long-term paddy soils","volume":"304","author":"Akter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuang, X.L., Si, K.Y., Song, H.J., Peng, L., and Chen, A.W. (2021). Lime-Phosphorus Fertilizer Efficiently Reduces the Cd Content of Rice: Physicochemical Property and Biological Community Structure in Cd-Polluted Paddy Soil. Front. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.749946"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11898","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-024-31986-y","article-title":"Effects of different phosphorus fertilizers on cadmium absorption and accumulation in rice under low-phosphorus and rich-cadmium soil","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsci.2024.02.007","article-title":"Appropriate Supply of Ammonium Nitrogen and Ammonium Nitrate Reduces Cadmium Content in Rice Seedlings by Inhibiting Cadmium Uptake and Transport","volume":"31","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rice Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2011.12.032","article-title":"Restoration of eroded soil in the Sonoran Desert with native leguminous trees using plant growth-promoting microorganisms and limited amounts of compost and water","volume":"102","author":"Bashan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.173414","article-title":"Enhancing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon soil remediation in cold climates using immobilized low-temperature-resistant mixed microorganisms","volume":"939","author":"Su","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpj.2017.07.003","article-title":"Efficient Microorganism Compost Benefits Plant Growth and Improves Soil Health in Calendula and Marigold","volume":"3","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hortic. Plant J."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1080\/00103624.2024.2367246","article-title":"The Importance of Soil Microorganisms in Regulating Soil Health","volume":"55","author":"Alori","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111730","article-title":"Identification of Cd-resistant microorganisms from heavy metal-contaminated soil and its potential in promoting the growth and Cd accumulation of bermudagrass","volume":"200","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-016-1260-2","article-title":"Acidobacteria strains from subdivision 1 act as plant growth-promoting bacteria","volume":"198","author":"Kielak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-023-06729-3","article-title":"Enhanced Bioremediation of Metal-Contaminated Soil by Consortia of Proteobacteria","volume":"234","author":"Emenike","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.02.023","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of bacterial community composition in sediment contaminated with multiple heavy metals from the Xiangjiang River in China","volume":"70","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-006-9099-8","article-title":"Microbial Community Structure in Three Deep-Sea Carbonate Crusts","volume":"52","author":"Heijs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2018.03.002","article-title":"Interacting effect of diclofop-methyl on the rice rhizosphere microbiome and denitrification","volume":"146","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roman, D.L., Voiculescu, D.I., Filip, M., Ostafe, V., and Isvoran, A. (2021). Effects of Triazole Fungicides on Soil Microbiota and on the Activities of Enzymes Found in Soil: A Review. Agriculture, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture11090893"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2015.10.025","article-title":"Response of microbial communities from an apple orchard and grassland soils to the first-time application of the fungicide tetraconazole","volume":"124","author":"Sulowicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2023.07.143","article-title":"Actinobacteria as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and symbiotic association with actinorhizal plants for restoration of salinized soils","volume":"95","author":"Mathur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Speirs, L.B.M., Rice, D.T.F., Petrovski, S., and Seviour, R.J. (2019). The Phylogeny, Biodiversity, and Ecology of the Chloroflexi in Activated Sludge. Front. Microbiol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02015"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravel, J., Martinez-Garcia, M., Brazel, D.M., Swan, B.K., Arnosti, C., Chain, P.S.G., Reitenga, K.G., Xie, G., Poulton, N.J., and Gomez, M.L. (2012). Capturing Single Cell Genomes of Active Polysaccharide Degraders: An Unexpected Contribution of Verrucomicrobia. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035314"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12676","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.5735","article-title":"Effects of rhizoma peanut cultivars (Arachis glabrata Benth.) on the soil bacterial diversity and predicted function in nitrogen fixation","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2021.105292","article-title":"Responses of microbial community and soil enzyme to heavy metal passivators in cadmium contaminated paddy soils: An in situ field experiment","volume":"164","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(94)85005-4","article-title":"A survey of antifungal compounds from higher plants, 1982\u20131993","volume":"37","author":"Grayer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"e03009","article-title":"Restoration via the aggregate spray-seeding technique affected the soil proteobacteria on an Uninhabited Island: Community structure, metabolic function, nutritional type, and life strategy","volume":"53","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Glob. Ecol. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116418","article-title":"R3 strain and Fe-Mn modified biochar reduce Cd absorption capacity of roots and available Cd content of soil by affecting rice rhizosphere and endosphere key flora","volume":"278","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"56","article-title":"Analysis of Microbial Diversity and Functional Characteristics of Paddy Soil Under Traditional Tillage Methods in Hani Terraced Fields","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Southwest For. Univ."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, B.L., Wu, X.K., Tai, X.S., Sun, L.K., Wu, M.H., Zhang, W., Chen, X.M., Zhang, G.S., Chen, T., and Liu, G.X. (2019). Variation in Actinobacterial Community Composition and Potential Function in Different Soil Ecosystems Belonging to the Arid Heihe River Basin of Northwest China. Front. Microbiol., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02209"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1094\/PBIOMES-12-19-0069-FI","article-title":"Intraspecific Variability in Root Traits and Edaphic Conditions Influence Soil Microbiomes Across 12 Switchgrass Cultivars","volume":"5","author":"Ulbrich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytobiomes J."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.119365","article-title":"Effect of microbial community structures and metabolite profile on greenhouse gas emissions in rice varieties","volume":"306","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."}],"container-title":["Toxics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2305-6304\/14\/9\/747\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T11:40:12Z","timestamp":1787658012000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2305-6304\/14\/9\/747"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["toxics14090747"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxics14090747","relation":{},"ISSN":["2305-6304"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2305-6304","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}}}