{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T17:15:57Z","timestamp":1794244557741,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r7f8853","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r7f8853","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Trace elements have nutritional and toxicological roles relevant to lipid metabolism and inflammation. In a secondary cross-sectional study, we examined 19 serum elements and blood biomarkers in 4026 adults from the SPES community biomonitoring programme in Campania, Italy. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were co-primary outcomes; systemic immune\u2013inflammation index (SII) was secondary. Adjusted models used multiple imputation and false-discovery-rate (FDR) correction. Selenium, copper and zinc showed positive LDL-C associations among directly quantified concentrations, whereas the mercury association depended on assay availability and quantification. Models with untransformed LDL-C estimated differences of approximately 1\u20134 mg\/dL per element-specific interquartile increase in log concentration. Copper and zinc estimates were smaller in an exploratory joint model. For mercury, LDL-C was higher with quantifiable rather than below-quantification concentrations, but the gradient within the quantified range was uncertain. All four primary-model LDL-C associations met both outcome-specific and combined co-primary FDR thresholds; no primary linear NLR association did. Copper, cobalt, molybdenum and antimony were associated with higher SII after outcome-specific FDR correction, with less consistent results across sensitivity analyses. These modest LDL-C differences warrant prospective investigation; the cross-sectional associations do not establish causal or individual clinical effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics14090824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T08:03:17Z","timestamp":1789632197000},"page":"824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Associations of Serum Trace-Element Concentrations with Selected Blood Biomarkers: A Secondary Cross-Sectional Analysis of the SPES Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Carlo","family":"Buonerba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8745-232X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Montuori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Healthcare Services, Directorate-General of the Calabria Region, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Triassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7944-239X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pellegrino","family":"Cerino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.020406","article-title":"Shared risk factors in cardiovascular disease and cancer","volume":"133","author":"Koene","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvz058","article-title":"Inflammation: A common contributor to cancer, aging, and cardiovascular diseases: Expanding the concept of cardio-oncology","volume":"115","author":"Libby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. 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