{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:59:40Z","timestamp":1790805580393,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006368","name":"University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ULPGC-012-2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ULPGC-012-2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006368","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003176","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n Cultura y Deporte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPU16-01888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU16-01888"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The screening of hundreds of substances belonging to multiple chemical classes in liver is required in areas such as food safety or biomonitoring. We adapted a previous QuEChERS-based method in blood to the liver matrix and applied to these fields of study. The validation of the method allowed the inclusion of 351 contaminants, 80% with a LOQ &lt; 2 ng\/g. In the analysis of 42 consumer liver samples, we detected trace levels of 29 different contaminants. The most frequent and concentrated was 4,4\u2019-DDE. POPs accounted for 66% of the compounds detected. In no case was the MRL reached for any of the contaminants detected. We also applied the method to 151 livers of wild birds to perform a biomonitoring pilot study in the Canary Islands. We detected 52 contaminants in 15 bird species. These were also mostly POPs, although high frequencies and concentrations of anticoagulant rodenticides (AR) and some other agricultural pesticides also stand out. POPs and AR contamination levels were significantly higher in terrestrial birds, raptors and particularly in nocturnal birds. Pesticide contamination levels were also higher in terrestrial birds, as well as in non-raptors and diurnal birds. The validated method is simple, robust, and sensitive and performs well in a variety of practical scenarios, where it can be carried out relatively quickly and inexpensively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics9100238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T23:08:31Z","timestamp":1632784111000},"page":"238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A Method Scope Extension for the Simultaneous Analysis of POPs, Current-Use and Banned Pesticides, Rodenticides, and Pharmaceuticals in Liver. Application to Food Safety and Biomonitoring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2773-8075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Rial-Berriel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"},{"name":"Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1272-0545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Acosta-Dacal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1534-7758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"Zumbado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"},{"name":"Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3237-0316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Henr\u00edquez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"},{"name":"Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1ngel","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8554-5728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Mac\u00edas-Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Boada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Travieso-Aja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Hospitalario San Roque, C\/Dolores de la Rocha, 35001 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3297-4005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Martin Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4153-3028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Octavio","family":"Luzardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s\/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"},{"name":"Study Group on Wild Animal Conservation Medicine (GEMAS), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.10.137","article-title":"Veterinary drugs in the environment and their toxicity to plants","volume":"144","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115370","article-title":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the environment: Where were we and how far we have come?","volume":"267","author":"Izadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. 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