{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T17:27:52Z","timestamp":1762018072658,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,30]],"date-time":"2018-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ergot alkaloids, in their active isomeric form, affect animal health and performance, and adsorbents are used to mitigate toxicities by reducing bioavailability. Adsorbents with high specificity (molecularly imprinted polymers: MIP) adsorb ergot alkaloids in vitro, but require evaluation for biological implications. Using ex vivo myography, synthetic polymers were evaluated for effects on the bioactivity of ergotamine tartrate (ETA). Polymers were first evaluated using isotherms. Lateral saphenous veins were collected from 17 steers for four independent studies: dose response of ETA, adsorbent dose response, validation of pre-myograph incubation conditions and MIP\/ non-molecularly imprinted polymer (NIP) comparison. Norepinephrine normalized percent contractile response to increasing ETA exhibited a sigmoidal dose response (max: 88.47 and log of the effective molar concentration (EC50) (\u2212log [ETA]) of 6.66 \u00b1 0.17 M). Although sample preparation time affected contractile response (p &lt; 0.001), pre-myograph incubation temperature (39 vs. 21 \u00b0C, 1 h) had no effect (p &gt; 0.05). Isothermal adsorption showed a maximum adsorption of 3.27E-008 moles\u00b7mg\u22121 and affinity between 0.51 and 0.57 mg (R2: 0.83\u20130.92) for both polymers, with no significant difference between polymers (p &gt; 0.05). No significant differences in maximum inhibitory (p = 0.96) and IC50 responses (p = 0.163) between MIP and NIP were noticed. Normalized percent contraction could be predicted from the in vitro adsorption data (R2 = 0.87, p &lt; 0.01), for both polymers. These studies indicate that synthetic polymers are potentially effective adsorbents to mitigate ergot toxicity caused by ergot alkaloids, with little evidence of significant differences between MIP and NIP in aqueous media.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10020058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,30]],"date-time":"2018-01-30T05:44:10Z","timestamp":1517291050000},"page":"58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Contractile Response of Bovine Lateral Saphenous Vein to Ergotamine Tartrate Exposed to Different Concentrations of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Manoj","family":"Kudupoje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA"},{"name":"Center for Animal Nutrigenomics &amp; Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc. 3031 Catnip Hill Road, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Klotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA-ARS, Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Lexington, KY 40546, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9220-8201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandros","family":"Yiannikouris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Animal Nutrigenomics &amp; Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc. 3031 Catnip Hill Road, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Animal Nutrigenomics &amp; Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc. 3031 Catnip Hill Road, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0565-5076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Vanzant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berde, B., and St\u00fcrmer, E. 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