{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T08:13:52Z","timestamp":1790151232902,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,4]],"date-time":"2018-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Comisi\u00f3n Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT17F10002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT17F10002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Comisi\u00f3n Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CONICYT+ PAI\/CONCURSO NACIONAL INSERCION EN LA ACADEMIA CONVOCATORIA 2015, 79150008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CONICYT+ PAI\/CONCURSO NACIONAL INSERCION EN LA ACADEMIA CONVOCATORIA 2015, 79150008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Conseller\u00eda do Mar. Xunta de Galicia","award":["Acci\u00f3n TOSE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Acci\u00f3n TOSE"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surf clams, Mesodesma donacium, were shown to accumulate toxins from Dinophysis acuminata blooms. Only pectenotoxin 2 (PTX2) and some of its derivatives were found, and no toxins from the okadaic acid group were detected. PTX2 seems to be transformed to PTX2 seco-acid (PTX2sa), which was found in concentrations more than ten-fold those of PTX2. The seco-acid was transformed to acyl-derivatives by esterification with different fatty acids. The estimated amount of these derivatives in the mollusks was much higher than that of PTX2. Most esters were originated by even carbon chain fatty acids, but some originated by odd carbon number were also found in noticeable concentrations. Some peaks of toxin in the bivalves did not coincide with those of Dinophysis abundance, suggesting that there were large differences in toxin content per cell among the populations that developed throughout the year. The observed depuration (from the digestive gland) was fast (more than 0.2 day\u22121), and was faster for PTX2 than for PTX2sa, which in turn was faster than that of esters of PTX2sa. PTX2 and PTX2sa were distributed nearly equally between the digestive gland and the remaining tissues, but less than 5% of the palmytoyl-esters were found outside the digestive gland.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10080314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]],"date-time":"2018-08-07T03:44:18Z","timestamp":1533613458000},"page":"314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Accumulation and Biotransformation of Dinophysis Toxins by the Surf Clam Mesodesma donacium"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2123-7747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Blanco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3ns Mari\u00f1as, Xunta de Galicia, Pedras de Cor\u00f3n S\/N, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5812-1559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico en Algas (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Larrondo 1281, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Rengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Mari\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3ns Mari\u00f1as, Xunta de Galicia, Pedras de Cor\u00f3n S\/N, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3ns Mari\u00f1as, Xunta de Galicia, Pedras de Cor\u00f3n S\/N, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4913-8038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Uribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Marea roja en la regi\u00f3n de Magallanes","volume":"9","author":"Campodonico","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pub. 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