{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:56:33Z","timestamp":1790729793666,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006407","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["182300410029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["182300410029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Henan Key Scientific and Technological Project","award":["171100110500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["171100110500"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Zearalenone (ZEA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are two main kinds of mycotoxins widely existing in grain and animal feed that cause a lot of economic loss and health problems for animals and humans. In order to alleviate the cytotoxic effects of AFB1 and ZEA on swine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2), the combination of a cell-free supernatant of compound probiotics (CFSCP) with mycotoxin degradation enzymes (MDEs) from Aspergillus oryzae was tested. The results demonstrated that coexistence of AFB1 and ZEA had synergetic toxic effects on cell viability. The cell viability was decreased with mycotoxin concentrations increasing, but increased with incubation time extension. The necrotic cell rates were increased when 40 \u00b5g\/L AFB1 and\/or 500 \u00b5g\/L ZEA were added, but the addition of CFSCP + MDE suppressed the necrotic effects of AFB1 + ZEA. The viable cell rates were decreased when AFB1 and\/or ZEA were added: However, the addition of CFSCP + MDE recovered them. The relative mRNA abundances of Bcl-2, occludin, and ZO-1 genes were significantly upregulated, while Bax, caspase-3, GLUT2, ASCT2, PepT1, and IL6 genes were significantly downregulated by CFSCP + MDE addition, compared to the groups containing 40 \u00b5g\/L AFB1 and 500 \u00b5g\/L ZEA. This research provided an effective strategy in alleviating mycotoxin cytotoxicity and keeping normal intestinal cell structure and animal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11010012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]],"date-time":"2019-01-03T03:36:30Z","timestamp":1546486590000},"page":"12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Effect of Compound Probiotics and Mycotoxin Degradation Enzymes on Alleviating Cytotoxicity of Swine Jejunal Epithelial Cells Induced by Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingqiang","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianzeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Guangan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Delin Biological Product Co. Ltd., Xinxiang 453000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fushan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henan Puai Feed Co. Ltd., Zhoukou 466000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2009.07.010","article-title":"How will change affect mycotoxins in food","volume":"42","author":"Paterson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Wild, C.P., Miller, J.D., and Groopman, J.D. (2015). Mycotoxin Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, International Agency for Research on Cancer. 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