{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:29:40Z","timestamp":1791822580432,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>How effective and safe are incobotulinumtoxinA injections in adult patients with lateral epicondylitis refractory to other treatments? In this experimental study, ultrasound-guided incobotulinumtoxinA 10\u201330 U\/muscle was injected into extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digiti minimi, extensor digitorum longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis muscles. Pain (visual analogue scale [VAS], 0 to 10 [no pain to severe pain]) and upper-limb functionality (QuickDASH scale, 0 to 100 [best to worst]), assessed at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months post-treatment, were analysed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc tests. Secondary analyses stratifying patient population by sex and baseline VAS were performed. Adverse events were reported. Twenty-four patients (mean [standard deviation] age 46.8 years) were included. Compared with baseline, mean VAS and QuickDASH scores improved at all follow-ups (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively; repeated-measures ANOVA). Secondary analyses revealed significant differences between baseline and all follow-ups in the group with baseline VAS \u2265 6 and in males and females (all p &lt; 0.05, Tukey post-hoc test). No adverse events, except for the expected third finger weakness, were reported. In conclusion, ultrasound-guided incobotulinumtoxinA injections may be an effective treatment for lateral epicondylitis in the appropriate patient population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11010046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T03:09:13Z","timestamp":1547608153000},"page":"46","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of Ultrasound-Guided Administration of Botulinum Toxin (IncobotulinumtoxinA) in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Galv\u00e1n Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, 41013 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacology, Pediatrics and Radiology Department, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Vergara D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, 41013 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Motion Analysis Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Rend\u00f3n Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Echevarr\u00eda Ruiz De Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo, 41013 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Pharmacology, Pediatrics and Radiology Department, University of Seville, 41004 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2008.02.021","article-title":"Lateral epicondylitis: Anatomic relationships of the extensor tendon origins and implications for arthroscopic treatment","volume":"17","author":"Cohen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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