{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T12:08:57Z","timestamp":1785326937866,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]],"date-time":"2019-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) intravesical injection can improve the symptoms of interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS). Patients with IC\/BPS have different clinical characteristics, urodynamic features, and cystoscopic findings. This study assessed the treatment outcomes of a BoNT-A intravesical injection and aimed to identify the predictive factors of a satisfactory outcome. This retrospective study included IC\/BPS patients treated with 100 U BoNT-A. The treatment outcomes were assessed by global response assessment (GRA) at 6 months. We classified patients according to different clinical, urodynamic, and cystoscopic characteristics and evaluated the treatment outcomes and predictive factors. A total of 238 patients were included. Among these patients, 113 (47.5%) had a satisfactory outcome (GRA \u2265 2) and 125 (52.5%) had an unsatisfactory outcome. Improvements in the IC symptom score, IC problem score, O\u2019Leary\u2013Sant symptom score, and visual analog scale score for pain were significantly greater in patients with a satisfactory outcome than in patients with an unsatisfactory outcome (all p = 0.000). The IC disease duration and maximal bladder capacity (MBC) were significantly different between patients with and without a satisfactory outcome. Multivariate analysis revealed that only the MBC was a predictor for a satisfactory outcome. Patients with a MBC of \u2265760 mL and glomerulations of 0\/1 (58.7%) or glomerulations of 2\/3 (75.0%) frequently had a satisfactory outcome. We found that BoNT-A intravesical injection can effectively improve symptoms among patients with IC\/BPS, with a remarkable reduction in bladder pain. A MBC of \u2265760 mL is a predictive factor for a satisfactory treatment outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11110676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]],"date-time":"2019-11-19T11:30:17Z","timestamp":1574163017000},"page":"676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Predictive Factors for a Satisfactory Treatment Outcome with Intravesical Botulinum Toxin A Injection in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hsiu-Jen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan-Ru","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5029-7007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hueih-Ling","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi 622, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7165-4771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hann-Chorng","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/00042307-200307000-00007","article-title":"Recent developments in the management of interstitial cystitis","volume":"13","author":"Bouchelouche","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. 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