{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T23:32:26Z","timestamp":1790551946960,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002367","name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XDB31000000, SAJC201606 and KGFZD-135-17-011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB31000000, SAJC201606 and KGFZD-135-17-011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Yunnan Province","award":["2015HA023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015HA023"]}]},{"name":"Biological Resources Program, Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["KFJ-BRP-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFJ-BRP-008"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21761142002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21761142002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31900332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31900332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"\u201cLight of West China\u201d Program","award":["022006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["022006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accidental contact with caterpillar bristles causes local symptoms such as severe pain, intense heat, edema, erythema, and pruritus. However, there is little functional evidence to indicate a potential mechanism. In this study, we analyzed the biological characteristics of the crude venom from the larval stage of Latoia consocia living in South-West China. Intraplantar injection of the venom into the hind paws of mice induced severe acute pain behaviors in wild type (WT) mice; the responses were much reduced in TRPV1-deficit (TRPV1 KO) mice. The TRPV1-specific inhibitor, capsazepine, significantly attenuated the pain behaviors. Furthermore, the crude venom evoked strong calcium signals in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of WT mice but not those of TRPV1 KO mice. Among the pain-related ion channels we tested, the crude venom only activated the TRPV1 channel. To better understand the venom components, we analyzed the transcriptome of the L. consocia sebaceous gland region. Our study suggests that TRPV1 serves as a primary nociceptor in caterpillar-induced pain and forms the foundation for elucidating the pain-producing mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11120695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T11:07:00Z","timestamp":1574852820000},"page":"695","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Latoia consocia Caterpillar Induces Pain by Targeting Nociceptive Ion Channel TRPV1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao 266000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Muiruri","family":"Kamau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences\/Key Laboratory of bioactive peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"},{"name":"Sino-African Joint Research Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences\/Key Laboratory of bioactive peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingmei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences\/Key Laboratory of bioactive peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1327-6220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences\/Key Laboratory of bioactive peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4161-627X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Qingdao University School of Pharmacy, Qingdao 266000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences\/Key Laboratory of bioactive peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, China"},{"name":"Sino-African Joint Research Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China"},{"name":"KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China"},{"name":"Institute for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China"},{"name":"Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.44, Xiaohongshan, Wuchang District\/Huangjin Industrial Park, Zhengdian Street, Jiangxia District, Wuhan 430207, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.09.003","article-title":"Prospective study of definite caterpillar exposures","volume":"42","author":"Balit","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Grimaldi, D.E., and Engel, M.S. 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