{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:49:56Z","timestamp":1760237396632,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008398","name":"Villum Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00025302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00025302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibiotics are often administered with antivenom following snakebite envenomings in order to avoid secondary bacterial infections. However, to this date, no studies have evaluated whether antibiotics may have undesirable potentiating effects on snake venom. Herein, we demonstrate that four commonly used antibiotics affect the enzymatic activities of proteolytic snake venom toxins in two different in vitro assays. Similar findings in vivo could have clinical implications for snakebite management and require further examination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12040240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T14:42:03Z","timestamp":1586443323000},"page":"240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Do Antibiotics Potentiate Proteases in Hemotoxic Snake Venoms?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Christoffer V.","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6399-3009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilie","family":"Knudsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"},{"name":"BioPorto Diagnostics A\/S, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3431-7415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrich","family":"auf dem Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3907-9281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Kalogeropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela B.","family":"Pucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"},{"name":"Medical School, Federal University of Roraima, Boa Vista BR-69310-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6712-6033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliane C.","family":"Arantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto BR-14040-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6540-2295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karla","family":"Bordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto BR-14040-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6918-5574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas H.","family":"Laustsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia (2016). 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Toxins, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11060363"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2012.07.020","article-title":"Kinetic characterization of gyroxin, a serine protease from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom","volume":"94","author":"Yonamine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D320","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm954","article-title":"MEROPS: The peptidase database","volume":"36","author":"Rawlings","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucl. 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