{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:20:30Z","timestamp":1791825630093,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pit viper venom commonly causes venom-induced consumptive coagulopathy (VICC), which can be complicated by life-threatening hemorrhage. VICC has a complex pathophysiology affecting multiple steps of the coagulation pathway. Early detection of VICC is challenging because conventional blood tests such as prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) are unreliable for early-stage monitoring of VICC progress. As the effects on the coagulation cascade may differ, even in the same species, the traditional coagulation pathways cannot fully explain the mechanisms involved in VICC or may be too slow to have any clinical utility. Antivenom should be promptly administered to neutralize the lethal toxins, although its efficacy remains controversial. Transfusion, including fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and specific clotting factors, has also been performed in patients with bleeding. The effectiveness of viscoelastic monitoring in the treatment of VICC remains poorly understood. The development of VICC can be clarified using thromboelastography (TEG), which shows the procoagulant and anticoagulant effects of snake venom. Therefore, we believe that TEG may be able to be used to guide hemostatic resuscitation in victims of VICC. Here, we aim to discuss the advantages of TEG by comparing it with traditional coagulation tests and propose potential treatment options for VICC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12050295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T04:46:07Z","timestamp":1588826767000},"page":"295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Novel Treatment Strategy for Patients with Venom-Induced Consumptive Coagulopathy from a Pit Viper Bite"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7854-0961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun Jung","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2271-3434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangchun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1957-3020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyuk-Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon Seok","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ctsap.2006.10.008","article-title":"Snake bite: Pit vipers","volume":"21","author":"Peterson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Tech Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.02.030","article-title":"Snake venoms and coagulopathy","volume":"45","author":"White","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2019.03.038","article-title":"Basal but divergent: Clinical implications of differential coagulotoxicity in a clade of Asian vipers","volume":"58","author":"Debono","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicology in vitro."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2019.108567","article-title":"Clinical implications of coagulotoxic variations in Mamushi (Viperidae: Gloydius) snake venoms","volume":"225","author":"Debono","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. 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