{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T17:26:15Z","timestamp":1772040375138,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The study was supported by the \u201cHealthy Animal - Safe Food\u201d Scientific Consortium of the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW) pursuant to a decision of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and The project was financially supported by the Minist","award":["No. 05-1\/KNOW2\/2015 and No. 010\/RID\/2018\/19 respectively"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 05-1\/KNOW2\/2015 and No. 010\/RID\/2018\/19 respectively"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of zearalenone (ZEN), administered per os to gilts at doses equivalent to 50%, 100%, and 150% of no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) values for 14, 28, and 42 days during weaning, on changes in the parameters of the oxidoreductive balance, cytokine secretion, and basal metabolism in ileal Payer\u2019s patches. Immunoenzymatic ELISA tests and biochemical methods were used to measure the concentrations of interleukin 1\u03b1, interleukin 1\u03b2, interleukin 12\/23p40, interleukin 2, interferon \u03b3, interleukin 4, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1, interleukin 10, transforming growth factor \u03b2, malondialdehyde, sulfhydryl groups, fructose, glucose, and proline, as well as the activity of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The study demonstrated that ZEN doses corresponding to 50%, 100%, and 150% of NOAEL values, i.e., 5 \u00b5g, 10 \u00b5g, and 15 \u00b5g ZEN\/kg BW, respectively, have proinflammatory properties, exacerbate oxidative stress responses, and disrupt basal metabolism in ileal Payer\u2019s patches in gilts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12060350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T02:16:27Z","timestamp":1590718587000},"page":"350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Effect of Zearalenone on the Cytokine Environment, Oxidoreductive Balance and Metabolism in Porcine Ileal Peyer\u2019s Patches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kazimierz","family":"Obremski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13\/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Trybowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Veterinary Inspectorate in Gda\u0144sk, Na Stoku 50, 80-958 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3914-711X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Wojtacha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Cieszy\u0144ski 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Gaj\u0119cka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13\/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zef","family":"Tyburski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. \u0141\u00f3dzki 3, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Zielonka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13\/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511004946","article-title":"Chronic ingestion of deoxynivalenol and fumonisin, alone or in interaction, induces morphological and immunological changes in the intestine of piglets","volume":"107","author":"Bracarense","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. 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