{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:49:37Z","timestamp":1790009377630,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-16-CE34-0002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-16-CE34-0002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spider venoms represent an original source of novel compounds with therapeutic and agrochemical potential. Whereas most of the research efforts have focused on large mygalomorph spiders, araneomorph spiders are equally promising but require more sensitive and sophisticated approaches given their limited size and reduced venom yield. Belonging to the latter group, the genus Lycosa (\u201cwolf spiders\u201d) contains many species widely distributed throughout the world. These spiders are ambush predators that do not build webs but instead rely strongly on their venom for prey capture. Lycosa tarantula is one of the largest species of wolf spider, but its venom composition is unknown. Using a combination of RNA sequencing of the venom glands and venom proteomics, we provide the first overview of the peptides and proteins produced by this iconic Mediterranean spider. Beside the typical small disulfide rich neurotoxins, several families of proteins were also identified, including cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISP) and Hyaluronidases. Proteomic analysis of the electrically stimulated venom validated 30 of these transcriptomic sequences, including nine putative neurotoxins and eight venom proteins. Interestingly, LC-MS venom profiles of manual versus electric stimulation, as well as female versus male, showed some marked differences in mass distribution. Finally, we also present some preliminary data on the biological activity of L. tarantula crude venom.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12080501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T06:02:21Z","timestamp":1596607341000},"page":"501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Proteotranscriptomic Insights into the Venom Composition of the Wolf Spider Lycosa tarantula"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dominique","family":"Koua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Polytechnique F\u00e9lix Houphouet-Boigny, BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Cote D'Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosanna","family":"Mary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Biomol\u00e9cules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4005-177X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anicet","family":"Ebou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National Polytechnique F\u00e9lix Houphouet-Boigny, BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Cote D'Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"Barrachina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MGX, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7273-3383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khadija","family":"El Koulali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioCampus Montpellier, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Cazals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Biomol\u00e9cules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Charnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Biomol\u00e9cules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2945-1484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastien","family":"Dutertre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Biomol\u00e9cules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier, CNRS, 34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins2122851","article-title":"Spider-venom peptides as therapeutics","volume":"2","author":"Saez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2012.04.337","article-title":"Spider-venom peptides that target voltage-gated sodium channels: Pharmacological tools and potential therapeutic leads","volume":"60","author":"Klint","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-010-0516-4","article-title":"Venomics: A new paradigm for natural products-based drug discovery","volume":"40","author":"Vetter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.14.99","article-title":"Cone snail venomics: From novel biology to novel therapeutics","volume":"6","author":"Prashanth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Future Med. 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