{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T01:18:25Z","timestamp":1773364705099,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-27630X"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-27630X"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-12695S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-12695S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky","award":["LM2018133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LM2018133"]}]},{"name":"Ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky","award":["LM2015062 Czech-BioImaging"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LM2015062 Czech-BioImaging"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pathogenic Bordetella bacteria release a neurotropic dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) that is endocytosed into animal cells and permanently activates the Rho family GTPases by polyamination or deamidation of the glutamine residues in their switch II regions (e.g., Gln63 of RhoA). DNT was found to enable high level colonization of the nasal cavity of pigs by B. bronchiseptica and the capacity of DNT to inhibit differentiation of nasal turbinate bone osteoblasts causes atrophic rhinitis in infected pigs. However, it remains unknown whether DNT plays any role also in virulence of the human pathogen B. pertussis and in pathogenesis of the whooping cough disease. We report a procedure for purification of large amounts of LPS-free recombinant DNT that exhibits a high biological activity on cells expressing the DNT receptors Cav3.1 and Cav3.2. Electron microscopy and single particle image analysis of negatively stained preparations revealed that the DNT molecule adopts a V-shaped structure with well-resolved protein domains. These results open the way to structure\u2013function studies on DNT and its interactions with airway epithelial layers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12090596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T10:24:09Z","timestamp":1600165449000},"page":"596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Production of Highly Active Recombinant Dermonecrotic Toxin of Bordetella Pertussis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ondrej","family":"Stanek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3109-4180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irena","family":"Linhartova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Holubova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ladislav","family":"Bumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1578-2773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zdenko","family":"Gardian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brani\u0161ovsk\u00e1 31, 370 05 \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Malandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbora","family":"Bockova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shihono","family":"Teruya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1592-5861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Horiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2626-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radim","family":"Osicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9755-7715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Sebo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.2.326-382.2005","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies","volume":"18","author":"Mattoo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. 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