{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T12:35:41Z","timestamp":1790771741014,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Domoic acid (DA), the main toxin responsible for Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning, frequently affects the marine resources of Chile and other countries across the South Pacific, thus becoming a risk for human health. One of the affected resources is the scallop Argopecten purpuratus. Even though this species has a high commercial importance in Northern Chile and Peru, the characteristics of its DA depuration are not known. In this work, the DA depuration was studied by means of two experiments: one in controlled (laboratory) and another in natural conditions. All organs of A. purpuratus depurated the toxin very quickly in both experiments. In some organs, an increase or a very small decrease of toxin was detected in the early depuration steps. Several models were used to describe this kinetics. The one that included toxin transfer between organs and independent depuration from each organ was the model that best fit the data. It seems, therefore, that the DA in this species is quickly transferred from the digestive gland to all other organs, which release it into the environment. Physiological differences in the two experiments have been shown to have some effect on the depuration from each organ but the actual reasons are still unknown.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12110698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T20:46:52Z","timestamp":1604436412000},"page":"698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Rapid Domoic Acid Depuration in the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus and Its Transfer from the Digestive Gland to Other Organs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5812-1559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gonzalo","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico en Algas (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile"},{"name":"Doctorado en Acuicultura, Programa Cooperativo Universidad de Chile, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Coquimbo 17811421, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4324-6820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Rengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6142-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico en Algas (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile"},{"name":"Doctorado en Acuicultura, Programa Cooperativo Universidad de Chile, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Coquimbo 17811421, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Uribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile"},{"name":"Doctorado en Acuicultura, Programa Cooperativo Universidad de Chile, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Valpara\u00edso, Coquimbo 17811421, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9403-8151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricio A.","family":"D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro i\u223cmar &amp; CeBiB, Universidad de Los Lagos, Puerto Montt 557, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6052-9067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Araceli E.","family":"Rossignoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3ns Mari\u00f1as (Xunta de Galicia), Apto. 13, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Pontevedra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9rico","family":"L\u00f3pez-Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Toxinas Marinas, Instituto de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 1027, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2123-7747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3ns Mari\u00f1as (Xunta de Galicia), Apto. 13, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Pontevedra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Amnesic shellfish poisoning: A new clinical syndrome due to domoic acid","volume":"16","author":"Perl","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can. 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