{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:17:39Z","timestamp":1793333859439,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":462,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JE 871\/2-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JE 871\/2-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The ubiquitous soil bacterium Bacillus cereus presents major challenges to food safety. It is responsible for two types of food poisoning, the emetic form due to food intoxication and the diarrheal form emerging from food infections with enteropathogenic strains, also known as toxico-infections, which are the subject of this review. The diarrheal type of food poisoning emerges after production of enterotoxins by viable bacteria in the human intestine. Basically, the manifestation of the disease is, however, the result of a multifactorial process, including B. cereus prevalence and survival in different foods, survival of the stomach passage, spore germination, motility, adhesion, and finally enterotoxin production in the intestine. Moreover, all of these processes are influenced by the consumed foodstuffs as well as the intestinal microbiota which have, therefore, to be considered for a reliable prediction of the hazardous potential of contaminated foods. Current knowledge regarding these single aspects is summarized in this review aiming for risk-oriented diagnostics for enteropathogenic B. cereus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12110701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T09:04:34Z","timestamp":1604567074000},"page":"701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":169,"title":["The Bacillus cereus Food Infection as Multifactorial Process"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nadja","family":"Jessberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Sch\u00f6nleutnerstr. 8, 85764 Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3775-9390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Sch\u00f6nleutnerstr. 8, 85764 Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per Einar","family":"Granum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003 NMBU, 1432 \u00c5s, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3390-8173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erwin","family":"M\u00e4rtlbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Sch\u00f6nleutnerstr. 8, 85764 Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00001.x","article-title":"Variable stability of antibiotic-resistance markers in Bacillus cereus UW85 in the soybean rhizosphere in the field","volume":"2","author":"Halverson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. 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