{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:47:09Z","timestamp":1790714829365,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Joint Sciences and Technology Office and the Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense","award":["MCDC-16-01-022-JSTO, JPEO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCDC-16-01-022-JSTO, JPEO"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Toxins"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are extremely potent and can induce respiratory failure, requiring long-term intensive care to prevent death. Recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) hold considerable promise as BoNT therapeutics and prophylactics. In contrast, equine antitoxin cannot be used prophylactically and has a short half-life. Two three-mAb combinations are in development that specifically neutralize BoNT serotype A (BoNT\/A) and B (BoNT\/B). The three-mAb combinations addressing a single serotype provided pre-exposure prophylaxis in the guinea pig inhalation model. A lyophilized co-formulation of six mAbs, designated G03-52-01, that addresses both A and B serotypes is in development. Here, we investigated the efficacy of G03-52-01 to protect guinea pigs against an aerosol exposure challenge of BoNT\/A1 or BoNT\/B1. Previously, it was found that each antibody demonstrated a dose-dependent exposure and reached maximum circulating concentrations within 48 h after intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) injection. Here we show that G03-52-01, in a single IM injection of G03-52-01 administered 48 h pre-exposure, protected guinea pigs against an aerosol challenge of up to 238 LD50s of BoNT\/A1 and 191 LD50s of BoNT\/B1. These data suggest that a single IM administration of G03-52-01 provides pre-exposure prophylaxis against botulism from an aerosol exposure of BoNT\/A1 or BoNT\/B1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13010031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T11:51:39Z","timestamp":1609847499000},"page":"31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Monoclonal Antibody Combination against both Serotypes A and B Botulinum Toxin Prevents Inhalational Botulism in a Guinea Pig Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Doris M.","family":"Snow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ology Bioservices, 13200 NW, Nano Ct, Alachua, FL 32615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6199-1931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald R.","family":"Cobb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ology Bioservices, 13200 NW, Nano Ct, Alachua, FL 32615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ology Bioservices, 13200 NW, Nano Ct, Alachua, FL 32615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Finger-Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ology Bioservices, 13200 NW, Nano Ct, Alachua, FL 32615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ology Bioservices, 13200 NW, Nano Ct, Alachua, FL 32615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Terpening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ology Bioservices, 13200 NW, Nano Ct, Alachua, FL 32615, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily S.","family":"Syar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Battelle Biomedical Research Center, West Jefferson, Columbus, OH 43162, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Niemuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Battelle Biomedical Research Center, West Jefferson, Columbus, OH 43162, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean","family":"Kobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Battelle Biomedical Research Center, West Jefferson, Columbus, OH 43162, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Barnewall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Battelle Biomedical Research Center, West Jefferson, Columbus, OH 43162, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4130-6332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shauna","family":"Farr-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 1001 Potrero Ave., San Francisco, CA 94110, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0562-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James D.","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 1001 Potrero Ave., San Francisco, CA 94110, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan T.","family":"Tomic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development, Ology Bioservices, Inc., 2061 Challenger Dr., Alameda, CA 94501, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1999.2945","article-title":"Sequence homology and structural analysis of the clostridial neurotoxins","volume":"291","author":"Lacy","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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